Category A: not only rights, but also responsibilities. What to remember when opening the motorcycle season

A motorcycle is a rather specific vehicle. Use requires not only some skill, but also compliance with traffic regulations that are different from those used for passenger vehicles.

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This point must be worked out in advance, since violation of traffic rules can lead not only to a fine, but also to the deprivation of a driver’s license.

Changes this year

Today, the main regulatory document in accordance with which driving must be carried out is the Traffic Rules.

You should familiarize yourself with all of them in advance; this is the only way to avoid standard errors that may occur. There are special signs for motorcycles - valid only for this type of vehicle.

An example of a prohibitory sign that applies only to this type of equipment is the following:

It is worth noting that traffic rules change every year. As a result, it will be necessary to familiarize yourself with all the amendments.

Since ignorance of traffic rules, as well as various other norms, does not relieve the driver of the vehicle from responsibility.

In 2021, the main changes to the traffic rules:

• an additional stop line will be introduced - at a distance of 3.5 meters from the main one - so that those traveling on two-wheeled vehicles can pass the intersection first;
• formal permission to move between separate rows.

The first point does not cause any difficulties. The second one is very important - and its essence was not just one more row. But there is a ban on driving along the median.

This issue is still being actively discussed; there are many proposals from legislators. Motorcyclists themselves should carefully monitor all changes.

The location of a motorcycle on the roadway according to traffic regulations requires some special features. This also applies to parking. Many drivers of such equipment believe that it is possible to drive on sidewalks, as well as in some other places.

But you need to remember that such violations are punished quite seriously. Up to the deprivation of a driver's license.

MY MOTORCYCLE

“According to paragraph 1.1 of the Russian Traffic Regulations, a motorcycle driver in a number of situations has equal rights with a pedestrian. This applies to parking on sidewalks and driving under certain prohibitory signs. Also, a motorcyclist has the right to cross railway crossings with the barrier lowered if he is not in the saddle, but driving a bike. The only condition is that a motorcyclist or mopedist must move not against the direction of traffic, but along it. Paragraph 2.1.2 states that the driver of the bike must wear a seat belt if it is provided and documented by the vehicle manufacturer. If there is none, the motorcyclist must be equipped with a helmet, the clasp of which is fixed.

Similar requirements apply to the passenger of a two-wheeler. The last rule does not apply to scooterists and mopedists, or rather their passengers. According to clause 24.8, protective headgear is not required for those sitting behind the driver of a light bike.

Clause 10.3 regulates the movement of cars and motorcycles outside the city. According to it, the speed limit for bikers is somewhat different from the generally established speed limit for other road users. For example, motorists can reach 110 km/h, while bikers can only reach 90.

For motorcycles and mopeds, the 2016 Regulations also provide for relaxations in parking rules. While parking in two rows and “along the curb” is prohibited for motorists, bikers have every right to do so. True, with a small amendment - they should not be an obstacle to other road users and should not have a side trailer.

Clause 19.5 of the traffic rules (including for motorcyclists) regulates the rules for using lights in the daytime. According to it, during daylight hours the bike driver is required to turn on the low beam headlights on his vehicle.

According to paragraph 24.3 of the traffic rules, for scooters inclusive, drivers of two-wheeled vehicles are prohibited from driving with one hand, much less removing it from the steering wheel at all while driving.

The traffic rules pay special attention to the safety of young passengers. Thus, a motorcycle driver is strictly prohibited from:

-carry a child under 12 years of age behind you; - travel with a young passenger who is not wearing a suitable helmet; -seat a child under 7 years of age on a regular seat without special footrests; - transport children in a side or rear non-passenger trailer.

Among novice motorcycle owners, there is a belief that removing protective headgear guarantees immunity from persecution by traffic police officers. Allegedly, law enforcement officers are legally prohibited from chasing a violator who is not wearing a helmet. This is wrong. Traffic rules do not restrict traffic police officers in any way if a motorcyclist is dangerous to other road users; moreover, law enforcement officers have every right to use their service weapons in accordance with regulations.

What is allowed and prohibited according to the rules

Many who use such equipment simply do not know the basic rules of the road - which they will need to pay attention to first. At the moment, there are a number of subtleties that you need to become familiar with.

This applies primarily to the following:

• movement between rows;
• using a vehicle in winter, when there is ice and snow on the road surface;
• how passengers and children are transported;
• the location of the motorcycle on the sidewalk.

Riding in the lanes for motorcyclists according to traffic rules

According to generally accepted traffic rules, in the absence of markings, the number of nearby traffic is determined by the drivers themselves. At the same time, if there are markings, it is not allowed to create another row.

In addition, the legislation directly prohibits driving directly along the markings. Moreover, this requirement must be strictly observed.

Depending on the violation and the consequences, the following penalties are possible in accordance with the Code of Administrative Offenses:

• fine;
• revocation of a driver's license.

Traveling in winter

The question of whether it is even possible to ride a motorcycle in winter requires a separate discussion. There are a number of nuances and subtleties reflected in the traffic rules - which will definitely need to be considered.

It must be remembered that there is no direct ban on driving this type of vehicle in winter. However, it should be understood that it is not a winter mode of transport. It is in no way suitable for such events.

The standard requirement is the use of special rubber - only if it is available is it generally permissible to use the vehicle in winter. Other traffic restrictions do not apply to those using category A vehicles.

But there are some tips to keep in mind:

• The vehicle should be charged once a week - since in the case of sub-zero temperatures it sits down an order of magnitude faster;
• using low-viscosity motor oil is more preferable - in cold weather it thickens, it becomes difficult to start the engine and other problems arise;
• It is advisable to lubricate the cables in advance;
• it is necessary to install “hot” spark plugs - only if they are available, it is possible to operate the car without problems.

Traffic police officers have the right to check the condition of the tires when stopping to check documents - if there is no winter version on a category A vehicle, operation is simply prohibited.

Winter tires for a motorcycle look like this:

Transportation of passengers and in particular children

Transportation of passengers is possible only if there is a specially equipped seat (the back of the saddle or a stroller). In addition, you need to use special equipment. This applies to a special helmet.

In the absence of this, operation with a passenger “on board” is prohibited. Moreover, according to the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, the absence of a helmet is grounds for stopping the vehicle until the violation is completely eliminated.

Separately, it is worth considering the question of exactly how and when it is allowed to transport a child on a motorcycle. According to the traffic rules, it is not allowed to transport minors on the back seat of a category A vehicle, even if they wear a helmet.

At the same time, transportation is allowed if you have a helmet in a motorized stroller - but again it is necessary to use the appropriate type of helmet, a device of a certain type.

Parking on the sidewalk

Separately, you need to become familiar with parking such a vehicle on the sidewalk. Since many who use this technique believe that it is possible to take a steam bath anywhere and anytime.

This point is discussed in the traffic rules in particular detail - in section No. 12.2. This type of vehicle can be parked along the sidewalk in 2 rows. It will also be possible to park vehicles on the edge of the sidewalk.

But you need to follow special signs. There are quite a large number of them in the traffic rules. All of them will need to be disassembled in advance.

In case of violation by those using category A equipment, the vehicle will be evacuated by special services. Study all traffic rules requirements in advance and avoid mistakes. Because this can cause serious trouble.

In case of evacuation, you will not only need to pay a fine, but also demurrage in the impound lot. Basic signs that you need to follow when placing your vehicle along the road:

Moto traffic rules

Traffic rules clause 20.4. Prohibits any type of towing on a motorcycle without a sidecar, as well as such motorcycles;

Punishment from the Code of Administrative Offenses: Article 12.21. Violation of the rules for the transportation of goods, rules of towing 1. Violation of the rules for the transportation of goods, as well as the rules of towing, entails a warning or the imposition of an administrative fine in the amount of five hundred rubles .

Traffic rules clause 21.4. A student must be at least 16 years old to drive a car, and at least 14 years old to a motorcycle

Punishment from the Code of Administrative Offenses: Article 12.22. Violation of the rules of training driving Violation of the rules of training driving by a driver teaching how to drive a vehicle - entails a warning or the imposition of an administrative fine in the amount of five hundred rubles .

SDA clause 22.2.1 Transportation of people on a motorcycle must be carried out by a driver who has a driver’s license for the right to drive vehicles of category “A” or subcategory “A1” for 2 or more years , transportation of people on a moped must be carried out by a driver who has a driver’s license for the right to drive vehicles of any category or subcategory for 2 or more years.

Traffic rules clause 22.9. It is prohibited to transport children under 12 years of age on the back seat of a motorcycle.

Punishment from the Code of Administrative Offenses: Article 12.23. Violation of the rules for transporting people 1. Violation of the rules for transporting people, except for the cases provided for in parts 2 - 6 of this article, entails the imposition of an administrative fine in the amount of five hundred rubles .

Traffic rules clause 22.8. It is prohibited to transport people: - outside the cabin of a car (except for cases of transporting people in the back of a truck with a flatbed or in a van), a tractor, other self-propelled vehicles, on a cargo trailer, in a caravan trailer, in the back of a cargo motorcycle and outside those provided for by design motorcycle seating ; - in excess of the amount provided for by the technical characteristics of the vehicle.

Punishment from the Code of Administrative Offenses: Article 12.23. Part. 2. Transporting people outside the cabin of a car (except for cases permitted by the Road Traffic Rules), tractors, other self-propelled vehicles, on a cargo trailer, in a caravan trailer, in the back of a cargo motorcycle or outside the seating areas provided for by the design of the motorcycle - shall entail the imposition of an administrative fine. in the amount of one thousand rubles .

Traffic regulations clause 11. It is prohibited to operate: cars, buses, road trains, trailers, motorcycles , mopeds, tractors and other self-propelled vehicles if their technical condition and equipment do not meet the requirements of the List of faults and conditions under which the operation of vehicles is prohibited (according to the appendix);

The list of malfunctions and conditions under which the operation of vehicles is prohibited is common to all, but there are several points only for motorcycles, namely:

• ​2.3. The steering damper provided by the design is faulty or missing.​
• 7.6. There are gaps in the connections between the motorcycle frame and the side trailer frame.​
• 7.7. A motorcycle with a side trailer does not have a first aid kit or a warning triangle in accordance with GOST R 41.27-2001.​
• 7.16. Motorcycles do not have safety arches provided by design.​
• 7.17. On motorcycles and mopeds there are no footrests or cross handles for passengers on the saddle provided by the design.

Punishment from the Code of Administrative Offenses: Article 12.5. In general, it entails a warning or the imposition of an administrative fine in the amount of five hundred rubles. (note: When this offense is committed, the vehicle is detained, placed in a specialized parking lot, and the person driving the vehicle is subject to removal from driving ).

At what age can you drive?

Previously, there was only one category of vehicles of this type - A. Today, the category has been divided into two subcategories:

• A;
• A1.

A1 is a category of light motorcycles that are relatively light in weight and have an engine power of less than 150 cc. At the same time, they do not accelerate more than 60 km/h. You will need to familiarize yourself with all such points in advance.

Operating such equipment is available to anyone over 16 years of age, provided they have a driver’s license.

At the same time, driving category A vehicles - heavy motorcycles - is possible only after reaching 18 years of age.

It is also worth remembering that use is only possible if you have the appropriate category of driver’s license. There are simply no alternatives.

You need to familiarize yourself with all the subtleties and nuances of such situations in advance. This will allow you to avoid standard problems that sometimes arise on the road.

At the same time, there are simply no restrictions on the maximum age. After legally obtaining a driver's license, you will be able to drive a vehicle for as long as required.

What documents should you have with you?

The use of this type of technology implies the presence of a certain list of documents. Moreover, this is standard and similarly necessary for those who operate conventional cars:

• driver's license of the appropriate category;
• vehicle registration certificate;
• OSAGO policy.

Previously, it was also necessary to provide a power of attorney if the driver was not the owner of the vehicle. Today, this is no longer required.

Since the MTPL policy performs the function of such a power of attorney. If the driver is included in it, then he has the right to use this particular vehicle. There will simply be no restrictions in this regard.

Is availability required?

Separately, it is advisable to dwell on what exactly should be included in the kit of a category A vehicle when using it. At the moment, the list is no different from the requirements established for a regular car.

Main positions:

• first aid kit;
• fire extinguisher;
• helmet.

Who must give way, according to traffic rules, when the road narrows, is shown in the article: give way according to traffic rules. Read about driving in a bus lane according to traffic rules here.

First aid kits

A separate category of items is the first aid kit. Since this type of vehicle is extremely dangerous. It is worth noting that special requirements have been established for its availability.

There is a special regulatory document - GOST R 41.27-2001. The document as amended by Government Decree No. 767 of December 14, 2005 is valid.

But do not forget about the nuance: the requirement for a first aid kit is established only for cars equipped with a motorized stroller.

In the absence of one, there is simply no need to carry one with you. Nevertheless, many motorcyclists carry a first aid kit with them for their own safety and to avoid problems. This is not mandatory. But many try to do this.

Fire extinguisher

It will be quite difficult to place a fire extinguisher on a two-wheeled vehicle. That is why you should familiarize yourself with all the subtleties and features of this type of device in advance.

According to the law, as in the case of a first aid kit, it will be necessary to use a fire extinguisher only with equipment equipped with a motorized stroller.

Again, in accordance with the law, it is not allowed to carry out the process of checking the presence of a fire extinguisher and first aid kit by traffic police officers.

Such checks are carried out only during technical inspection, when it is necessary to obtain a diagnostic card.

This point is also reflected in the legislation. At the same time, if a fire extinguisher and first aid kit are required, they must be provided. Otherwise, the diagnostic card will not be issued.

helmet

The use of a helmet is strictly mandatory on all types of vehicles of category A - such a rule is uniform. Moreover, this applies not only to A, but also to A1.

These requirements are established based on safety conditions. Moreover, in the presence of such a violation, the traffic police inspector not only has the right to impose a fine, but also to suspend operation - until the very moment the violation is eliminated. Therefore you should be especially careful.

There are no special requirements for the helmets themselves. It is enough just for it to be classified as a motorcycle. But choosing high-quality protective equipment is in the interests of owners of mobility devices.

Since in the event of an accident, especially at high speed, there is a high probability of not only injury. But also fatal.

A high-quality turtle suit will help you avoid this kind of trouble. At the very least, the spine will be protected, as well as vital organs.

We should also pay attention to the helmet. There is no need to try to save money on this. It is not uncommon for devices to save the lives of their carriers.

The use of a helmet is strictly mandatory for all passengers without exception. Regardless of whether the equipment has a side trailer.

Traffic regulations regarding the carriage of a passenger on a motorcycle or moped

Let us repeat once again that the clause was introduced on the basis of Resolution No. 333 of 2021

22.2(1) Transportation of people on a motorcycle must be carried out by a driver who has a driver’s license for the right to drive vehicles of category “A” or subcategory “A1” for 2 or more years, transportation of people on a moped must be carried out by a driver who has a driver’s license for the right to drive vehicles of any category or subcategory for 2 or more years.

From this logical statement it follows that for motorcyclists, the driver can transport passengers only if he has more than 2 years of experience for his corresponding category of motorcycles. But for mopeds, the driver must simply have more than 2 years of experience. Of course, this does not in any way disparage other rules for the transportation of passengers stipulated in Chapter 22 of the Traffic Regulations of the Russian Federation “Transportation of People.” To be sure, check them out.

Maximum permissible speed

The maximum permissible speed for vehicles of this type is standard, it is determined by signs and markings. There are quite a lot of nuances and subtleties associated with compliance with the speed limit.

Many vehicles of category A can accelerate to impressive speeds - up to 2 and 3 times the maximum permissible in the Russian Federation.

You should be guided by standard signs - prescriptive, restrictive and others. It is important to familiarize yourself with all of them and comply with the relevant regulations. Since this is primarily in the interests of the drivers themselves.

Since in the event of an accident, especially at speeds over 60 km/h, the probability of survival is extremely low. Overtaking a motorcycle by another motorcycle must be done in the standard manner.

Make sure there are no signs or markings prohibiting overtaking, as well as vehicles moving in the oncoming lane.

Separately, it is necessary to dwell on the fact that in the absence of a side trailer, it is possible for two drivers to move simultaneously side by side. Moreover, this is directly permitted by the traffic rules.

Permissible driving speed:

These requirements are quite standard. They allow you to maintain safety on the roadway, as well as in other areas. It is important to pay close attention to the road.

Especially when driving at high speed. When taking the driver's license exam, you will need to familiarize yourself in advance with all the intricacies of moving along the highway.

Faster than the flow

But on motorways they have given some relief for motorcycles. The speed limit for them has been increased and is equal to that of a car. If earlier motorcyclists were prohibited from accelerating over 90 km/h, now they can fly at 110 km/h. Motorways are marked with special signs depicting a road with two overpasses on a green background. As for ordinary intercity highways, the speed limit on them remains the same - 90 km/h for all types of transport.

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In addition, there is no requirement to display “Beginner Driver” stickers on motorcycles, which is a yellow square with an exclamation mark. Previously, it was required to be placed on mopeds, but now it has been abolished by law due to a lack of free space. There is simply nowhere to place them.

Safety advocates from the Public Chamber also expressed their wishes regarding unwritten rules between motorists and motorcyclists. The beginning of a new motorcycle season is always fraught with surprises. Over the past six months, drivers have forgotten how to see approaching bikers in their mirrors, which means they often undertake maneuvers that are dangerous for other road users.

In this regard, it should be remembered that on multi-lane roads, motorcyclists usually ride to the right of the left lane. This is the safest place for them, as there are fewer traffic changes here. The shoulder and dedicated lane A are considered the most injury-intensive, since there is a high risk of colliding with cars turning right or, conversely, taxiing from adjacent areas.

Participants in the discussions and traffic police officers recommend that motorcyclists keep their speed no higher than the speed of traffic by 10-20 km/h, but within the rules. If a traffic jam has formed, then it is better not to drive faster than 40 km/h between the rows. However, motorcyclists are already being warned that with the introduction of punishment for “dangerous driving”, driving between lanes will be punished with a fine of 5 thousand rubles.

How towing is carried out

Procedures with the vehicle must be carried out in accordance with the points reflected in the traffic rules.

There are a number of situations when the towing process is simply not allowed:

• in the presence of ice - since it is difficult to control faulty equipment, it is sometimes simply impossible to maintain stability;
• if the brake system is faulty or if the steering does not work, in this case it is expressly prohibited by traffic regulations to tow the vehicle;
• It is not allowed to tow with a flexible hitch and without a stroller - since this equipment does not have such stability on the road;
• It is prohibited to tow two or more vehicles at once.

In all other cases, towing is permitted. But it is important to note that a number of special rules must be observed.

These main ones include primarily:

• the length of the cable must be at least 4 meters, but no more than 5 meters - if it is shorter, then there is a high probability of crashing into the rear of the body, but if the length is longer, the car driving behind will significantly deviate in movement along its trajectory;
• Special flags and shields must be placed on the halyard with reflective strips placed on them or with other devices indicating the dimensions.

It is also worth noting that towing category A equipment is a rather complicated process and attracts the attention of the traffic police.

Therefore, you should not allow any violations, as this can cause serious trouble. Up to the imposition of a ban on movement in this way.

Main nuances:

• a driver must be behind the wheel of the vehicle being towed;
• the distance between vehicles should be in the range from 4 to 6 meters;
• It is imperative to place special reflective signs on the cable;
• Transporting passengers on towing vehicles is strictly prohibited.

In the absence of a special cable, it is allowed to use parachute lines or a strong cord. In this case, you need to tie the cable with a special knot.

Fine for transporting passengers on a motorcycle or moped with less than 2 years of driving experience

As for the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, with the advent of a new resolution in 2017, it was not updated. This means that here one should be guided by the “general” part for violations of the rules for transporting passengers, namely part 1 of Article 12.23 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.

Violation of the rules for transporting people, with the exception of cases provided for in parts 2 - 6 of this article, entails the imposition of an administrative fine in the amount of 500 rubles.

From all this it follows that the minimum fine may well be issued when transporting a passenger if the driver of a motorcycle does not have more than 2 years of experience for the corresponding category, and if the driver of a moped simply does not have more than 2 years of experience.

IMPORTANT!!! It should be noted that a fine under Part 1 does not at all detract from issuing a fine under another part of the same article if the violation is more serious. So, if a novice driver carries passengers on his motorcycle (moped), and such passengers are children under 12 years old, the transportation of whom is completely prohibited in the back seat of motorcycles and mopeds, then the fine will be issued according to a more stringent part. That is, they will issue a fine under Part 3, Article 12.23 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, and this is no longer the minimum fine, but 3,000 rubles! Children under 12 years old can only be transported in front, in front of the driver, if the motorcycle seat allows it.

Hand gestures

Sometimes turn signals are simply missing. In this case, you must make the appropriate hand signs:

The use of signs is strictly mandatory in the absence of turn signals or if for some reason they do not work. Moreover, in case of failure to comply with this requirement, a serious fine is expected. It is imposed on all citizens without any exceptions.

If there is a passenger sitting in the back seat, then it is he who can give such signs. It is important to note that most road accidents occur precisely due to non-compliance with traffic rules.

Today, the use of vehicles of categories A1 and A has its own characteristics and subtleties, which are important to familiarize yourself with in advance. This is the only way to avoid standard errors that occur in many cases.

Compliance with traffic rules will allow you to avoid injuries, as well as damage to your own and other people’s property - using a vehicle without a compulsory motor liability insurance policy is strictly prohibited by law.

The responsibilities of a driver under traffic rules are described in the article: driver in traffic rules. For the definition of what an obstacle on the road is according to traffic regulations, see the page.

Find out about turning left from tram tracks according to traffic rules from this information.

Without a passenger

Discussions about tougher penalties for motorcyclists have been going on for several years. Often, young people who have just sat on the saddle of a motorcycle, as well as their girlfriends who dared to experience a surge of adrenaline, crash. But the first timid steps to limit such fun were taken this April.

The amendments are aimed at “young people” who have less than two years of driving experience. It is believed that in order to achieve solid skills in riding a motorcycle, a driver must travel at least 20 thousand km, which amounts to approximately two summer seasons.

Question answer

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New drivers will be prohibited from transporting friends in the back seat. Usually, when a fall occurs, the passenger suffers more severe injuries, which is why the driver's experience is most critical here. He must first get into trouble himself and learn to avoid accidents.

It is proposed to catch newcomers using the date of issue of rights. If two years have passed since receiving the license, then the driver joins the club of full-fledged motorcyclists. For violating the rules, motorcyclists face a fine of 500 rubles.

The developers of the amendments do not hide that such a measure does not provide a complete guarantee of protection against inexperience, since a person may not ride a two-wheeled unit for a day, and then immediately take up the handles of a heavy bike. But a more effective legal mechanism for monitoring experience does not yet exist.

There were proposals to limit the speed limit for inexperienced motorcyclists, but such an initiative did not pass due to the impossibility of remotely determining driving experience. The Public Chamber discussed the possibility of limiting the sale of powerful heavy motorcycles to people with insufficient experience, but they decided to postpone this issue for another time. At least to representatives of the Ministry of Internal Affairs this restriction does not seem unnatural.

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