Categories and subcategories of driver's licenses in 2021

What's new in licensing in 2018?

Changes for car owners will still happen in 2021. They will be associated with driver's licenses, their forms. The adjustment will also apply to migrant drivers. In connection with this information, the issue of increasing the cost of a driver’s license next year is relevant at this time.

All changes will be introduced in order to simplify the life of car owners. But in practice, those changes that provide the opportunity to replace rights with the help of multifunctional centers will have a truly positive effect. In addition, adjustments will be made to both the law on driver’s licenses and the traffic rules.

Any change that is made to a particular system first relates to the cost of procedures or tariffs. Based on this, the cost of a driver's license in 2021 will increase by 17% compared to the current year.

How are licenses issued to migrants?

Russians have quite a lot of questions due to the postponement of the replacement of driver's licenses for migrants by one year. This category of citizens work as drivers using their own documents, and not Russian ones. The end date for the transfer is June 1, 2021. This action was justified by the fact that at this moment there is no such technical possibility to replace documents for all migrants.

According to statistics, most Russian companies take advantage of the ability of migrants from Belarus to work. In total, about 9.5 thousand foreign drivers have been recorded on the territory of the Russian Federation.

Some employer organizations have attempted to replace documents for their employees, but have encountered problems such as:

Lack of material and technical base for taking exams for this category of driver's license. 2. The State Traffic Inspectorate lacks rolling stock and racing tracks for taking exams for migrant drivers.

In addition, statistics show that the majority of road accidents, namely 30%, are due to the fault of foreign drivers.

In order to replace a driver's license, a migrant should contact the State Traffic Inspectorate. Not all regions can make an appointment through STATE SERVICES. If registration through STATE SERVICES in a particular region is not possible, then you must contact the State Traffic Inspectorate with the registration address.

To do this, you must present the following documents:

statement; ⦁ identity card (a foreign ID cannot be confiscated, it will be returned with a Russian license); ⦁ medical certificate; ⦁ international or foreign driver’s license; ⦁ registration, migration card; ⦁ for temporary residence permit: passport, registration, temporary residence permit; ⦁ for residence permit: residence permit, registration; ⦁ for LBG: residence permit, registration or document of LBG; ⦁ for VU: certificate.

From January 1, 2021, having paid the fees, it is possible to purchase a 30% discount through the State Services website.

Changes in the issuance of international licenses

Deputies of the United Russia party indicated in a note that it is necessary to extend the exchange of foreign driver's licenses for Russian ones. Many employers are faced with problems of foreigners, since it is they who bear all the responsibility. According to experts, 9.5 thousand foreign drivers work in the country. All of them work in transport companies and provide transportation services: taxis, freight transport, public transport, international transport.

Regions in which the largest number of drivers operate:

Smolensk region; 2. Moscow and Moscow region; 3. Bryansk region.

Every driver who uses a license issued in another country is required to exchange it for Russian documents. Changes were made to the Federal Law “On Road Safety” in 2013. Based on these changes, the deadline was set until June 1, 2021.

Since there are no equipped rolling stock sites for foreigners to take exams, it is necessary to solve the problem using alternative methods. Representatives of driving schools are 100% sure of this. They note that extending the period for exchanging licenses could be fatal for road users.

Currently, the number of accidents among novice drivers is 10-12%, retired drivers - 7-8%, foreign drivers - more than 30%." This was reported by the head of the “Guild of Driving Schools” Sergei Lobarev. Free consultations and retraining of foreign drivers will be provided. In 2013, since the adoption of the amendments, only 3% of foreign drivers in the Russian Federation were able to pass the exams and receive a Russian driver’s license.

The Federal Law discussed the time frame for foreign drivers to exchange their licenses for Russian licenses. This period is four years. The one-year extension allowed foreigners to legally carry out labor activities in Russia. The State Duma did not have time to pass the bill to extend the deadline. On June 1, 2021, most drivers did not go to work due to the lack of a Russian driver’s license.

At the moment, new traffic rules have come into effect. If he loses his driver's license, he has the right to restore it at the MFC. This structure is where international rights are issued. A medical certificate is not required.

The law on increasing duties on the issuance of a number of basic documents was signed by Russian President Vladimir Putin. The corresponding document was published on July 3, 2021 on the online legal information portal - this means that the new rules will come into force in 30 days - on August 3. A number of media outlets have already rushed to report that now the procedure for obtaining a new driver’s license will rise in price from 2 thousand to 3 thousand rubles. This led to the fact that many motorists urgently decided to change their licenses in order to save the treasured thousand rubles: after all, you can change your license at a time when there are six months left before their expiration date.

Obtaining rights: changes

At the moment, a bill has been submitted (author: Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia), which makes changes to the existing procedure for passing a driver's license. What changed?

Cancellation of site and restrictions on highways

This means that after successfully defending the theoretical part of the exam, future drivers will immediately take practical driving in urban or highway conditions.

Let us remind you: previously, cadets who demonstrated successful driving skills in a closed circuit were allowed to take the internship.

It is interesting that the bill does not specify which elements will be presented for delivery in real traffic conditions. There are not overpasses everywhere, and doing a “snake” on busy streets is nothing short of dangerous driving. Therefore, potential changes are still at the discussion stage.

If in the current version, students cannot drive onto the highway, then in the proposed version this restriction will be lifted.

Retake deadlines

In addition, the bill regulates the timing of retaking the exam. You can start repeated tests no earlier than after 7 days. The retake deadline is determined for the theory no later than 30 days, for the practical part no more than 60 days from the date of unsuccessful passing.

Tightening requirements for driving schools - a basis for refusing to issue a license

In addition to the current list, the following may be grounds for refusal to issue a driver’s license:

violation of the procedure for passing an exam at a driving school;
the driving school lacks accreditation of an educational institution.

Terms and age restrictions

Concepts such as “driving teacher” and “driving learner” will be formalized in a regulatory act. Restrictions have been determined for categories except for cars and trucks, where the age of the trainee remains the same - 16 years.

moped or motorcycle “A1” – at least 15 years;
motorcycle “A” – at least 17 years old;
bus - at least 20 years.

Cancellation of binding to the territory of residence

Like registering a car, obtaining a driver’s license is no longer tied to the student’s place of permanent residence. Regardless of where you studied in a driving school, and what address is on your passport, you can take the exam to obtain a license at any traffic police department.

What you need to know

You can drive a vehicle only if you have a driver's license.

This document confirms that the driver has the necessary knowledge and displays the type of transport that the subject can drive.

But such an aspect as the validity of this document is also important. The validity period of a driver's license is ten years and the date of issue of the document is indicated on the certificate.

But in some situations, the validity period of a driver’s license may become invalid earlier than the originally approved period.

These are situations such as:

changing the personal data of the owner of the rights;
identification of illegal actions (providing false documents when obtaining rights);
damage to the document and the inability to read it;
change in medical indications;
loss or theft of rights;
obtaining a new certificate.

Replacement procedure

The current legislation of the Russian Federation limits the validity period of a license to 10 years. This means that after the specified period, not only the document itself loses its validity, but the driver is also deprived of the right to drive a car. Every 10 years the license must be renewed.

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To do this, you will need to undergo a medical examination and contact the traffic police, making sure to take your passport with you.

In other cases involving the replacement of a document (opening a new category, changing the driver's last name, theft), no additional documents other than a passport are required.

Rules for issuing a driver's license

To obtain a driver's license for the first time in 2018, you will need to comply with the following procedure:

Completing training at a driving school to drive a certain category of vehicles.
Passing theoretical and practical exams.
Preparation of necessary documents to obtain rights.
Submitting a package of documents to the authority that issues driver's licenses.
Payment of the state fee for document preparation.
Obtaining a driver's license.

Required documents include:

application for issue/replacement of rights;
passport proving identity;
medical certificate of health;
a document confirming completion of training at a driving school;
certificate of successful passing of the driving test.

Among the changes in effect in 2021, it should be noted that it is no longer possible to study on your own and then pass the exam.

Training in specialized institutions is a mandatory requirement. You also need to know that to obtain certain categories you need to undergo additional training.

A driver's license is issued after passing the exam at the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate. When replacing a license due to loss or theft, a medical certificate is not required.

As for the nuances of replacing a driver’s license, they are as follows:

When changing your last name, changing your rights is mandatory	But the validity period of the new document will be similar to the validity period of the replaced certificate
Once the validity period expires, the rights become invalid	And from the end of the current period, you cannot drive the vehicle, so you need to change the license in advance
If you lose your license, first file a loss report with the police.	When you apply to the traffic police, a temporary certificate is issued; after a month you can get a new certificate
If there is an error in the ID	The document is replaced immediately without paying a state fee
When replacing foreign rights	For Russian ones, due to a change of citizenship, you will need to pass an exam, and for a category higher than the one that actually exists

How to fill out the application form

An application for issuance/replacement of a driver's license must be completed by each driver. The standard application form was approved by Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation No. 782 of July 20, 2000.

The form includes the following information:

the name of the state inspectorate where the citizen applies to obtain a certificate;
surname, name, patronymic of the applicant;
date and place of birth of the applicant;
address of permanent residence or place of stay;
details of the identity document;
the name of the state road inspection agency that previously issued the certificate;
date of application;
personal signature of the applicant.

Errors and corrections must not be made when filling out the application. It is strictly prohibited to provide false information.

The inspector on duty who accepts the application puts a mark of acceptance on it. This contains the date of receipt and a list of attached documents. The inspector's signature is sealed.

As examples of an application for a driver's license:

upon initial treatment;
due to a change of surname;
upon expiration of the validity period;
due to loss or theft.

You can also view a blank application form for a driver’s license.

Where to contact

Starting from 2021, you can apply for a driver’s license at any registration department of the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate, regardless of your place of registration.

However, registration on the territory of the Russian Federation is required. At the same time, obtaining a driver’s license based on territoriality involves three options:

At the place of permanent registration	This method is the simplest. Documents are submitted to the traffic police MREO in the region of residence
At the place of temporary registration	You will need to attach a certificate of temporary registration to the main documents
At the place of actual residence	You can submit an application to any nearby traffic police department, but before issuing the document, the government agency will conduct a thorough check of the legality of the applicant’s stay in the Russian Federation

Categories and subcategories of driver's licenses

All existing driving categories are listed on the reverse side, but since they are indicated in the form of abbreviated letter designations, it is necessary to provide their decoding.

Currently, there are the following types of driving categories:

A and A1 – driving a motorcycle, as well as equivalent types of transport with 3 or 4 wheels weighing up to 400 kg. Subsection A1 limits the power of motorcycles and effectively allows you to drive a scooter. During training, drivers master specialty A, and A1 is assigned automatically.
B, B1, BE – the most popular categories provided to drivers of cars, minibuses and jeeps weighing up to 3.5 tons and up to 550 kg (empty), respectively, including trailers and semi-trailers weighing no more than 750 kg . Category B1 means driving tricycles and quadricycles. BE is intended for passenger vehicles with large (over 750 kg) trailers, but limits the total weight of the vehicle and trailer to 3.5 tons.
C, C1, CE and C1E apply to trucks weighing over 3.5 tons and having less than 8 seats for passengers, while C1 limits the vehicle weight to 7.5 tons. The main category is C. All others are assigned if they have received a license, indicating the mark C. Drivers with these categories can drive a car with a trailer: - up to 750 kg (C and C1), - over 750 kg with a total weight of the road train of 3.5 tons (CE), - over 750 kg with a total weight of the car and trailer of 12 tons (C1E)
D, D1, DE, D1E give the right to drive cars with more than 8 seats for passengers (passenger transportation) plus a trailer weighing up to 750 kg. All subsequent options place limits on the driver's rights. The D1 abbreviation limits the number of transport spaces to 16. The DE designation increases the trailer's weight, but sets the overall weight limit at 3.5 tons. The D1E grade is a variant of the D1, with the additional specification that the total mass should not exceed 12 tons. All limiting options are assigned if the main category is D.
Category M – issued for mopeds and quadricycles, you don’t need to do anything to get it, it is assigned automatically when you receive a license for any category.
Tm and Tb are new categories that give the right to become a tram (Tm) or trolleybus (Tb) driver.

Thus, among the listed categories there are basic and derivative positions.