What should be in the car. What should be in your car

The minimum kit for a motorist includes equipment in accordance with the list of traffic rules. However, no experienced driver is immune from the development of a situation where additional tools, means of survival, and even ordinary food may be required. Therefore, we will consider the basic list of necessary things for each car, without exception, but at the same time so that the items do not clutter up and do not significantly weigh down the vehicle.

Why do you need to paint your car?

The paint layer of the body performs not only an aesthetic function. It protects him from the aggressive influence of the environment. If you do not promptly paint body parts with damaged coating, optimal conditions are created for:

• metal corrosion;
• chips;
• extensive paint peeling.

Body parts that do not have protection come into direct contact with water, reagents, salts, and dirt, and therefore quickly deteriorate and require thorough body repairs. To prevent this from happening, painting is carried out, the purpose of which is to protect the car and restore its attractive, salon appearance.

From us, car owners can order both body painting and painting of rims, engine compartment, engine, body kit, spoilers. We take each order responsibly, so the finished paint coating is highly aesthetic and has a long service life.

When do you need car painting?

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Painting a car may be required for various reasons:

• road accident;
• damage to the paint layer after an accidental collision with an obstacle;
• if there are scratches, abrasions, chips, or traces of corrosion.

Car painting can be complete or local. Complete repair is carried out in case of significant damage to the paint layer or color fading. Local painting is carried out if there are unevenness of the protective and decorative coating in certain areas. In such situations, it is not practical to repaint the entire car. Our craftsmen use special painting technologies, so the area of ​​local coating restoration completely merges with the factory layer.

Electronics for the car

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It's the 21st century, and various electronics are an integral part of it. Many drivers buy the following devices for their cars:

• Navigator - will build a route, show how to avoid traffic jams, warn about radars and perform many useful functions. Read more about choosing a navigator.
• Printable version of the route if you are traveling far. It indicates intermediate settlements, distances and approximate travel times. You can get such a printout on our distance calculation service.
• DVR - will record everything that happens on the road. You will always have proof of your innocence in the event of a “set-up” on the road or a regular accident.
• A radar detector that will warn traffic police officers about speed cameras and radars.
• The walkie-talkie is a tool primarily for truckers, who talk to each other, share tips, knowledge and anecdotes. The radio is also used by drivers who want to know the traffic situation in advance. Moreover, the device will help you contact people in case of problems with cellular communication or a dead phone.
• Charging for a phone or smartphone (charger cord + cigarette lighter adapter). As a rule, an adapter is very cheap, but in a difficult situation it can be a great help and charge your smartphone from the cigarette lighter so that you can contact someone.
• Breathalyzer. Some drivers are afraid of losing their license, money and nerves because a traffic police officer may ask " ". We are not talking about lawbreakers and unscrupulous drivers, but about those who, for example, drank two days ago and are afraid that there is still alcohol in their blood. Whatever the situation, a personal breathalyzer will show your alcohol level and answer the question - you can drive or not.

A mandatory set, without which it is strictly not recommended to travel. This set includes a driver's first aid kit, a fire extinguisher, and a warning triangle. Also, do not forget to bring with you all the necessary documents: driver’s license, valid insurance and other documents. You may need them if you are stopped by a traffic police officer.

The second item to carry with you includes things needed for repairs. Bring along a tool kit, rags, work gloves, pump, spare tube, sealant, tow rope, spare tire, etc. Of course, it is not at all necessary to keep all these things in the car, especially if you do not understand anything about the structure of the car and even if you have the necessary tools you will not be able to make minimal repairs. However, having items in this category can help a lot, especially if you have long trips coming up.

The third category can include a variety of liquids: gasoline, antifreeze, oil, brake and windshield wiper fluid, etc. As a rule, they are most appropriate when traveling outside the city, where it is not possible to visit a gas station or a specialty store if necessary.

Be sure to take at least a minimum set of medications with you. Unfortunately, a modern driver's first aid kit does not contain any medications - only bandages, tourniquets, scissors, and sterile gloves. It is worth putting in the glove compartment antiemetics, painkillers, anti-poisoning agents, stomach and heart pills and drops and other medicines that may be useful along the way, if not for you, then perhaps for your passengers.

And finally, each driver has an individual set of things. It may include wet wipes, a flashlight and spare batteries for it, a roll of toilet paper, and a phone charger.

Medicines: what you need to have in your car

A long road is romantic. Especially if you drive your own car, you don’t depend on the schedule; wherever you want, you go there. And you need to have items that will help and help you out in difficult times.

When traveling around the city, you feel calm, since there is a service station at every turn - in case of a breakdown, you can push the car to the nearest one. But once you move away from your native land, you realize that anything can happen. Therefore, you need to have certain accessories in the cabin and in the trunk that will help you out in difficult times and help you get out of a difficult situation. So what do you need to have with you?

What you absolutely can’t hit the road without

Traffic rules regulate only a small part of what should be in a car. First of all, in accordance with traffic regulations, each car must be equipped with a first aid kit, a warning triangle and a fire extinguisher. This is the minimum established by law, which is necessary not because the traffic police inspector can issue a fine for their absence, but so that the driver can take urgent action at the scene of an accident.

Some drivers are negligent in purchasing a fire extinguisher, purchasing aerosol sprayers labeled “Fire Extinguisher.” Such a “sprinkler” will not be able to extinguish even a small fire, not to mention a flaming car. As practice shows, in order to cope with a fire in the engine compartment, you need a fire extinguisher with a charge weight of at least one and a half kilograms, and it is better to purchase a three-kilogram one.

As for the type of fire extinguisher, the choice between carbon dioxide and powder remains with the driver. Carbon dioxide leaves no traces behind itself, and is good for extinguishing fires in the cabin, but it copes worse with fire under the hood. The powder forms a crust on the surface of a burning object, preventing the access of oxygen, and extinguishes a burning engine well, but if it is used in the cabin, it will subsequently have to be dry cleaned.

The first aid kit, which should also be in the car, has not been equipped with medications since July 1, 2010; instead, it contains a variety of different bandages. Therefore, the purchased first aid kit must be completed independently. First of all, you should put painkillers, iodine and cotton wool in it. In addition, knowing about the problems with your health and the health of your loved ones, it will not be superfluous to put the appropriate medications in the first aid kit.

When choosing a warning triangle, you need to pay attention to its stability. If it turns out to be insufficiently stable, it will be blown away by the wind or air flow from passing cars.

Amplifier selection criteria

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Like any other equipment, a car radio has certain characteristics. Considering that it connects and works in the same system with other equipment, their indicators should be as close as possible to each other for joint operation. Therefore, before connecting the amplifier to the car radio, carefully study and compare the data:

• One of the most important technical characteristics of an amplifier is the unit of power per channel. So, when purchasing an amplifier, this indicator must be compared with the corresponding indicators of the rest of the equipment.
• You definitely need to know what the rated power of your rear speakers is, as well as the dynamics of the subwoofer (see How to make a subwoofer: practical tips). Their power ratings should slightly exceed the power of one amplifier channel. This will allow you to get the highest quality sound. In addition, such a distribution of power will prevent overloading of the speakers, and they will definitely not wheeze.
• Another important characteristic of an amplifier is load resistance. The load for the amplifier is the speaker system. Therefore, this characteristic should be equal for the speakers and the amplifier (for example: both there and there are 4 Ohms). It is quite normal if the load resistance of the speakers is slightly higher.
• But if it turns out to be the opposite, there is every chance that during operation both the amplifier and the speakers will fail. The frequency range in a car amplifier must be at least 20 Hz - 20 KHz. It would be good if this range were even greater.

Modern car amplifiers include an element called a crossover. It allows the amplifier to operate in different modes, as well as frequencies in different ranges. Sometimes they have a linear pass-through output, which allows you to connect another amplifier to it, if necessary.

What are the requirements for a reflective vest?

The cape is also regulated by GOST under GOST number 12.4.281-2014. In particular, it provides the following basic requirements:

• reflector strip width is at least 5 cm,
• it can be either a vest or a jacket,
• they can have 2 stripes with reflective material.

The correct vest according to GOST
You can read all the requirements in our special article about reflective vests.

Source

Cunning helpers

After all, it is known that women's logic is different from men's. In addition, as a rule, women are much more prudent and hate being in situations where something is missing. A car is a second home. And, just like at home, everything here should be convenient, everything should be “at hand.”

Perhaps it is not vitally necessary in emergency situations, but it is indispensable for preventive maintenance - maintaining tire pressure not only reduces fuel consumption, but also minimizes the risk of a tire explosion.

Necessary for the same reason as water. You can carry nuts in the car. Some take semi-finished products with them, which just need to be filled with hot water.

At the same time, loudspeakers with similar characteristics from an unknown manufacturer can be bought for $15, but, as a rule, these work for no more than a year

When it comes to an inexpensive audio system, it is recommended to pay attention to American brands that fall in the $45–50 range (Polk Audio, MTX, Kicker)

A towing rope that can easily withstand a load of 5 tons or more. To do this, you should choose either a very wide sling or a steel cable, which show themselves to be the most reliable under operating conditions.

This is an opportunity not only to enjoy the vocals of pop stars, but also to appreciate the skill of performers of individual instrumental parts, soloists with a wide range of voices. The “correct” speakers accurately convey all the nuances of the sound of instruments, without embellishing the sound or hiding its features. A good sound should be pure, without impurities in the form of resonance of interior parts.

During the cold season, car enthusiasts should take with them some additional items that may be useful for traveling by car. Getting stuck on a highway with a breakdown in winter is the last thing any auto traveler would want.

It doesn't hurt to have a second flashlight. First of all, it should be taken to illuminate something in the cabin or during repairs. Therefore, it is better to take a forehead one or with some kind of clip.

Of course, in any car there must be a kind of “emergency reserve” - NZ - which must be constantly replenished. What should be included there?

Dear readers! Our articles talk about typical ways to resolve legal issues, but each case is unique. It would also be a good idea to have medications in your first aid kit that are necessary if the car owner has chronic diseases. In this case, it is necessary to comply with the storage conditions of medicines.

A car wheel tends to fail at the most inopportune moment, and then it will need to be replaced. Therefore, without a spare tire, you will not be able to continue driving. In addition, to make this replacement, you will need a wheel wrench and a jack.

Car first aid kit

According to the requirements of 2021, the main components of a first aid kit are as follows:

1. Hemostatic tourniquet.
2. A set of gauze bandages of various lengths and widths.
3. Dressing package.
4. Sterile wipes.
5. Bactericidal patch.
6. Roll plaster.
7. Device for resuscitation.
8. Scissors.
9. Gloves.

The set is not that big. The driver has the right to independently decide what should be in the first aid kit of the car in addition to what is listed. For example, medical alcohol or hydrogen peroxide, ammonia, cotton wool, antipyretics, burn remedies, tweezers. If desired, you can add products for the gastrointestinal tract, medicines for runny nose, cough, etc.

It is important that the drugs do not have an expired expiration date. It is advisable to store the first aid kit in a place where the medications will not overheat, for example under the seat. The shelf life of a car first aid kit is 4.5 years.

If the driver is a girl...

Not only men, but also representatives of the fair sex drive cars. Let’s look at what must be in a young lady’s car below.

If you are wearing heels, be sure to bring a change of flat shoes with you. It will come in handy for minor repairs, as well as if your legs are tired.

Always carry spare tights and an umbrella in your car in case of rain, which will save your look in bad weather.

It would be a good idea to purchase a road map in case of a long trip. A car phone charger is also a very important attribute in a woman's car.

If you are still an inexperienced driver, then it is better to load the car to the maximum. Over time, having become a more experienced “driver”, half of the things can be unloaded from the car.

Having considered what must be in the car, I would like to say that it is impossible to take everything. Exactly the same as predicting trouble. Knowing exactly what you need to take with you comes with valuable experience. Only then, leaving what is unnecessary, will you take what you need.

Good luck on the road, driver!

The car is a convenient means of transportation. While moving, the most unforeseen situations can happen, and what is needed in the car is simply not there.

Often the car is full of all sorts of unnecessary junk, stored in the glove compartment or trunk, and vital things are left behind the vehicle. In this case, it is better to take care in advance of having the most necessary things in the car.

1

What should always be in the car and at hand, and what is sometimes vitally important in the first place is a first aid kit. It is especially necessary for long trips

Of course, a first aid kit is not a doctor, but with its help you can provide the necessary first aid, or simply help if necessary.

2. Emergency sign

. It is better not to use it, or to use it in extremely rare cases, but if an accident does occur, it will become very necessary.

There are regular and folding emergency signs. The second ones are much better, as they fold up and take up little space in the car. But when purchasing it, you should immediately understand its assembly, because on the road this can take a long time. And there it is better to be fully armed. A light-repellent vest will also not be superfluous; just in case, keep it in the trunk.

3. Fire extinguisher

. Well, this item should definitely be present in the car. The choice should be made on the fire extinguisher, the main indicators of which are described in the traffic police rules. This will save time in case of inspection by road inspection authorities.

4. Tools

. These items should be in every car. No one is immune from road hooligans or simple bad luck. The main ones are a balloon and spark plug wrench, but it’s good if you also have pliers, screwdrivers and a set of keys.

5. Jack

. It is better to choose based on the weight of the car. For small sizes it can be screw or combined. But larger specifications require a hydraulic jack.

6. Pump

. This goodness is in every car. But if it is electric, then it is better if it is also mechanical. In case of unforeseen circumstances. The mechanical one will not fail in this case.

7. Spare wheel

. With a whole set of necessary tools, it would be stupid not to take a spare tire. And on long journeys it’s even more so. If it has not been used for a long time, then it is worth checking the air pressure in it sometimes.

8. Tow rope

. According to traffic rules, you can’t live without it. Its length should be from four to six meters.

9. portable lamp

. Its dimensions can be different, so it is better and more reliable if there is a small flashlight nearby.

10. Cigarette lighter wire

. A necessary thing, especially for those cars that cannot boast of a new battery. In cold weather, sometimes it is simply necessary.

11. It’s good when there is antifreeze or brake fluid

. They do not require any special space, and they take up compact space, but the benefits from such assistants are much greater.

12. Scraper brush, rags

– for caring car owners, and of course for cleaning glass.

For all seasons

Practical drivers know very well that a car can break down anywhere, so they always have “ammunition” in the trunk for quick repairs:

• tow rope;
• a jack to put a spare tire on;
• the spare wheel itself and a minimum set of tools, including a wheel wrench;
• pump or compressor, previously tested for performance;
• a set of fuses of all ratings if possible;
• bulbs for high beam, low beam, turn signals, brake lights;
• a small supply of fluids: oil for topping up, antifreeze, brake fluid, antifreeze in winter, antifreeze;
• emergency canister of gasoline;
• spare parts: you, like no one else, know the weak points of your car, so stock up on what can break and breaks most often; buy spare parts (spare parts included) suitable for your model and take them with you;
• “crocodiles” for recharging the battery, if you are allowed to do this procedure;
• a list of telephone numbers, including the numbers of tow trucks, the traffic police, your service, if possible, the auto club in which you are a member and which can provide you with assistance on the road;
• documentation for car repairs - using it you can fix minor breakdowns yourself;
• a small cash stash in case of intractable traffic police workers;
• a bottle of water full and empty (with a wide neck): full - for drinking, and empty - guess for yourself;
• wet wipes for hands and face;
• car gloves for dirty work when you need to refuel the car or add anti-freeze;
• Sunglasses;
• a navigator that will help you get out of unfamiliar areas;
• DVR in case of an accident;
• charger for a mobile phone and the phone itself;
• flashlight, duct tape;
• a small supply of dry biscuits, cookies or chips in case of sudden hunger on a long journey.

It is worth adding to this list some more items that may be needed during winter driving:

• snow shovel;
• a bag of sand or crushed stone for quick removal from an icy area;
• snow chains for long trips in winter: everyone knows the condition of our roads;
• warm clothes and a blanket if you have to spend the night in the forest.

All these things will not take up much space in the car, but will help you out in the most difficult situations.

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Everything has its favorable moments, and each such moment provides opportunities.

Often, when you least expect it, things go well. And it’s not about the famous “law of attraction”. In most cases, in order for something to happen, it is not enough to want it badly.

As a rule, something good happens because a favorable moment has arrived and, most importantly, because we have created all the conditions so that at this moment we can benefit from the fruits of our efforts.

The magic of possibility

The magic lies in being able to see the opportunity that opens up before us at a certain moment. It needs to be intuitively understood and appreciated.

• Let's give an example. We learn a profession, spend a lot of time, acquire knowledge and skills.
• And now vacancies appear on the labor market. This is something innovative and, at the same time, close to our specialty, to our education. But we are scared to try ourselves in a new field, because we don’t know if we can handle the job.
• Only those who can see and appreciate the opportunity and are willing to risk “seizing” it will be able to take advantage of being in the right place at the right time. Exactly at that moment - neither earlier nor later.

If we don't seize the moment, such ideal circumstances may not arise again.

What needs to happen will happen - if we put effort into it.

Opportunities don't usually "knock on our door." Immobility does not attract opportunity, nor does mere desire.

• “What needs to happen” requires effort on our part. We can - and should - be active and creative, change the reality around us and contribute to the emergence of favorable (for us and our plans) opportunities.
• Yes, there are things that happen because the time has come. But if we ourselves do not put in the effort and will, it is unlikely that what we desire will suddenly appear in front of us.

You need to keep your mind open

An open mind is not a mind that dreams under the stars and inflates its desires to infinity. An open mind has very specific characteristics:

• He is aware of his needs.
• He has a good connection with himself, a good self-image, and adequate self-esteem. He is able to separate what he needs from what he does not need.
• He is a good observer, hears and sees everything around him and chooses what will allow him to grow and achieve his goals.
• An open and receptive mind is able to seize the moment and direct energy and knowledge to realize opportunity when it arises.

Need to be patient

Anyone who is in too much of a hurry, who takes risks without properly assessing the danger, who lacks patience, is often disappointed with the results of his activities.

• We often hear recommendations: “you need to be able to take risks, don’t be afraid to step out of your comfort zone...” But in order to take risks, you need to be prepared for it.
• Without good and adequate self-esteem, we cannot, for example, find a partner with whom we will be happy. We will always be dependent on what the other partner does or allows us to do.
• We also cannot apply for a certain job if we do not have the necessary qualifications. If we are rejected, it will be fair. Therefore, you need to be patient and, above all, “invest” in yourself, in your personal maturity, in practical skills and knowledge.

Sometimes we get tired of waiting for the moment when the good things that we think we deserve finally happen to us. In order for this to happen, you need to not give up, continue to believe in yourself, fight, be receptive and open.

And then what needs to happen will definitely happen!

Life experience, or the woman I am now!

You are a woman, which means you are an exceptional and unique story. This is your life experience and your personal story, woven from the play of light and shadow. Read more "

Why do you need a car seat and where to install it?

The car seat must be used in accordance with the rules for transporting children. However, every parent should remember that seat belts reliably secure and protect from injuries only children whose height does not reach 150 cm. Therefore, the age of twelve was not chosen by chance. That's when children grow up to this level.

If you do not have a chair, then in no case should you transport your child on your lap, since upon impact he will weigh several tens of times more, and as a result, in these circumstances it will simply be impossible to hold him.

A child car seat can be installed in both the rear and front seats of the vehicle. This is not prohibited by law, only there is one necessary condition, which is to turn off the airbag. If you neglect this rule, it can seriously injure the child. A child who has already reached 12 years of age needs an airbag; in this case, the main elements of protection are seat belts. The best option is to install the child car seat in the very center of the back seat, because this place is considered the safest.

Technological sequence of the process

Preparing and painting a car consists of several successive steps:

• Car wash. It is necessary to thoroughly wash off all contaminants using special cleaning products, such as car shampoo, for example. If there are no suitable conditions for this, you can use the services of the appropriate services.
• The body surface being prepared for painting must be degreased and stains remaining from bitumen and lubricants removed. Degreasing agents are quite aggressive, so this work should be carried out with rubber protective gloves, while trying to inhale fumes as little as possible.
• Grinding the body surface with abrasive devices, during which layers of old paint, primer, and putty are removed. The metal is also cleaned of corrosion areas. Sanding is a long and labor-intensive task, but the final painting result depends on its quality. Therefore, this process must be approached very responsibly.

Car painting process

• Application of primary and secondary primer, which protects the metal from corrosion and creates a favorable base for subsequent layers of paint and varnish. The primer coat must be allowed to dry completely. Under normal conditions, the primer dries in about 3.5 hours. To speed up the process, you can use a special device that dries using infrared rays. This will reduce drying to 20-25 minutes.
• Automotive varnish or paint is applied to the dried and sanded primer using a spray gun. This is a process that requires certain skills, so it may not work out well right away. So, it’s better to first practice using the paint sprayer on some other objects and surfaces.
• The last thing to apply is the enamel, which is also done with a spray gun. Before spraying the final coating, it is necessary to carefully sand the dry helmet, removing any possible drips and layers.

Painting, as well as preparing a car for it, is a rather complex job that requires certain knowledge and skills. If you decide to do all the steps yourself, make sure you have the necessary tools, which will make the task much easier, and purchase all the consumables that may be needed in the process.

Connect the amplifier to the car

To know how to properly connect a car audio amplifier in a car, you need to understand the markings of connecting cables. In automotive technical systems, it is customary to use the American wire cross-section standard - AWG. There, the wire cross-section varies from the thinnest “8Ga” - with a diameter of 3.2 mm to “0Ga” with a diameter of 8.2 mm. There are even thinner wires that are marked with numbers 10, 12 or 16, but they are not used in powerful audio devices. When choosing a wire cross-section, the length of the working segment is also taken into account. Since audio equipment is often placed in the trunk of a car, a wire length of about 5 meters is considered. With a current of 20 amperes and a working length of 5 meters, you need to choose a wire with a cross-section of “4Ga”, which corresponds to a diameter of 5.18 mm. The cross-section of such a cable is 21.15 mm2.

It is very important when connecting power to a powerful output stage to use a fuse, which should be installed on the positive wire at a distance of no more than 30 cm from the battery terminal

There are several designs of fuses. The cable is tightened with screws on both sides, and the housing itself is easy to attach next to the terminal. Automatic fuses, which must turn off when a certain current is exceeded, are not popular among car enthusiasts, as there are cases of them sticking, which leads to serious damage.

What are the requirements for a warning triangle?

This attribute in 2021 is already regulated by a special GOST - R 41.27-2001 (UNECE Rules No. 27). It is very large, we will give only the main points:

• the triangle must have an approval mark (quality mark) of the following type:
• it must have a cover, and its edges must not be sharp,
• length of each side – 50 cm (+/- 5 cm),
• height from the road to the bottom edge when installed is no more than 30 cm,
• The color of the reflectors is only red.

How to learn to drive a car first steps.

Let me start with the fact that I got my license. I won’t tell you what a relief it is to “finally shoot” and get the coveted plastic card, since you have to experience it “on your own skin” :))

True, I passed only the second time, but on my own without any connections or other ways to easily obtain rights. My husband insisted that I have to pass it myself. I admit, the idea of ​​buying a license has crossed my mind more than once, after grueling trips around the city with an instructor under terrible stress.

You would be hard pressed to find a more vocal teacher. Fortunately, we won't solve the pattern or write it, but you need to know the theory in advance, understand the physical laws, and perceive the contexts so that you can at least understand why the machine does what it does. From the simplest things like proper stances and footwear, we move into gripping and weight bearing and ending with apex and anchoring.

Several riders find with high confidence that some of the shortcomings in primary education still exist. Even one such gap can make you a new car or even a life

Warning: Tracking Keys While Driving Causes Motion Sickness

It seemed to me that I stopped thinking at all as soon as I left the gates of the training ground. Cars are rushing by, the city in which I live is quite large and the traffic on the main streets is very intense. All illusions about how cool it would be to drive and what a cool and beautiful girl I would be—a driver—dissipated at the instructor’s first cry: “Have you even seen the traffic rules?!?!!?”

But theoretical knowledge is only the main building block of the entire educational castle. We jump into the cars and go to the track. Even though I already have experience working online, this is completely new to me, my hands are shaking and my throat is dry as in the desert. This shows us the perfect clue, which of course no one can have in mind.

After the first meeting we really practice. We also start out elementary, but we can't do it anymore - we make a perfect pass through the left turn at Sosnova corner. The wide track allows plenty of room for mistakes and gives a feeling of safety when experimenting with the track. Geometric top, late top and still adding at a rate until the gums start begging for grace.

I saw and not only saw, but crammed, but we started driving around the city only after we started taking traffic rules class and of course, many of them were not yet known to me, and many simply had not yet figured out in my head how to use them in practice. In general, I passed my license and it was time to practice in my husband’s car with my husband as an instructor.

This was a blessing, another thing was training for a set of turns in the technical part of Sosnova. It's easy to see how the transition of the first move affects the ramp and exit of the other. It's time to have lunch, relax, clear your head and sort out your thoughts. Unless you are an experienced circus charterer, acclimatization will take some time for you to get on the track. But with gradual oscillation and mostly testing, the action of the circuit will quickly consume you. Constantly try to correctly judge the braking points, correctly approach and hit the apex, work sensitively with the gas and balance of the car.

Restrictions for beginners

The loudest and most resonant change in traffic rules in 2021 came into force on April 4. It introduces several significant restrictions for drivers whose driving experience is less than two years (from the moment they first received the right to drive a vehicle).

1. A novice driver is prohibited from transporting hazardous substances and materials in his vehicle (trailer). Such measures will greatly reduce the capabilities of novice truck drivers, but, according to the legislator, they will be able to strengthen control over the movement of dangerous goods and reduce the likelihood of a newcomer overestimating their strengths, which is extremely undesirable in cargo transportation.
2. Without two years of driving experience, the driver will not be able to tow a vehicle using any type of hitch. In other words, he will not be able to help a friend/relative/stranger who is in trouble somewhere far from the city, since he no longer has the right to tow another car. On the other hand, the inexperience of young and novice drivers can provoke accidents that can lead to troubles for both the towing operator and the person being towed.
3. The new restrictions will also affect motorcyclists. Owners of iron horses are now prohibited from transporting passengers until their category “A” license is 2 years old. Motorcyclists had mixed reactions to this decision. Some are ardent opponents of the law, saying that it is strange to prohibit good and responsible drivers with experience of one and a half and a year or a year and nine months from carrying passengers. Others agree that beginners often try to show off their prowess, which can lead to serious road accidents.
4. From April 4, the absence of a “novice driver” sign (a yellow triangle or a square with a black exclamation point) is a technical malfunction for a beginner, which prohibits the operation of the vehicle.

Fire extinguisher

It is a very important attribute in a car. But there are different types of fire extinguishers, each with their own pros and cons. Now let's figure out what kind of fire extinguisher should be in the car.

The most suitable in this case are carbon dioxide or powder fire extinguishers. The capacity of their housing must be at least two liters.

The fire extinguisher should be located in the cab next to the driver. That is why it is not allowed to store it in the trunk, as access to it may be difficult.

The carbon dioxide fire extinguisher is a red cylinder. When triggered, carbon dioxide is released over a distance of up to two meters in the form of a cloud. The acid evaporates and leaves no traces on transport. This fire extinguisher can be stored for a long time, as it does not lose its properties. Has high penetrating ability in hard-to-reach places.

But it also has disadvantages. During use, the bell cools down, which can cause burns. That is why you should not keep it in this place. There is a possibility of mild electric shock. When used, a person may inhale carbon dioxide fumes.

A powder fire extinguisher is crushed mineral salt with additives. They are divided into three types: gas generator, injection and with a high pressure cylinder.

The first is based on the use of gas energy during launch to release the extinguishing agent. Secondly, it contains inert gas or air under pressure. Thirdly, there is a cylinder containing compressed air inside.

MIRRORS ADJUSTMENT

Adjusting your mirrors is an important part of the driving process, as they allow you to navigate the road. Rearview mirrors must be adjusted so that the driver can see to the left and behind while keeping his head level.

Also, the middle of the interior mirror should reflect the middle of the rear window. Situations where the mirrors are distorted are not allowed. They must hang strictly horizontally. In the outside, as a rule, the road behind the car is visible, which will help to assess the distance between the driver’s car and the car of the person who is overtaking him.

Panoramic mirrors are also often installed along with regular mirrors. On the one hand, this is good, because it allows you to look at the road more broadly. This way, more cars can be seen.

On the other hand, panoramic mirrors violate the distance to objects. Therefore, it may seem to the driver that the cars are much further away than they actually are. Therefore, drivers with such mirrors are more likely to get into an accident. However, you can get used to the panoramic mirror, but at first you need to be careful and not make sudden changes and turns.

What else should you have in your car?

Oddly enough, some car owners drive without a spare tire, which is standard on every car. The reason lies either in the fact that the driver prefers to free up additional space in the trunk, or did not bother to repair the punctured wheel. Meanwhile, you can catch a nail or other sharp object anywhere, and further independent movement in such a situation will become impossible. Therefore, it is necessary to have a spare tire, a jack and a wheel wrench at all times.

In addition, you need to have a pump or compressor in your car to pump up a flat tire if necessary. By the way, if the driver is “lucky enough” to catch a so-called “slow puncture”, when a nail or screw stuck in the tire serves as a kind of plug, preventing the free release of air, the wheel can also be inflated and continue driving.

Communication between driver and inspector

From the end of 2021 to the beginning of 2021, a number of changes occurred regarding the relationship between car owners and road service employees.

Firstly, according to the Supreme Court ruling, drivers are now prohibited from presenting licenses and other documents to the inspector that are somehow attached to the inside of the car. Typically, drivers make such fastenings to prevent the traffic inspector from taking their documents into the car. Now such wayward actions can be fined. Soon, the Ministry of Internal Affairs will prescribe new rules.

Mandatory recording of an attempt to bribe an inspector is also being introduced, and initiatives are being proposed to challenge the violator’s claims from the traffic police and to familiarize himself with evidence of guilt.