Transportation of oversized cargo, traffic rules, regulations, fines

Issues discussed in the material:

What kind of cargo is considered oversized?
What are the difficulties of transporting oversized cargo?
How to choose the right route for transporting oversized cargo
What are the basic rules for transporting oversized cargo?

Delivery of non-standard cargo has some differences, because it weighs a lot, takes up significant space, its center of gravity is shifted, and all standards are exceeded several times. This may make transportation difficult. Therefore, in such situations you have to resort to the help of logistics specialists. However, first of all, it is worth studying what oversized cargo is and how to transport it correctly. Read about this in our article today.

What kind of cargo is considered oversized?

Let’s look at the definition of “oversized cargo”. So, this is an object with impressive weight and huge size. It is impossible to transport this in the usual ways, for example, in a closed truck or closed container.

How to determine that the cargo will be non-standard? To do this, measure its length, width and height. For example, an impressively sized monument, a large boat, or an agricultural tractor are considered oversized cargo; they cannot be transported using conventional methods. The list of oversized cargo also includes: motor boats, graders, agricultural machinery, special devices for drilling wells, all kinds of modules, steam boilers, transformers, that is, objects with non-standard dimensions that exceed all permissible standards.

Transporting oversized, heavy cargo by other means, for example, by train or plane, is not only a financially expensive undertaking, but also difficult to implement in practice. There is only one way out - to transport it by car, which is as convenient and profitable as possible.

Currently, the definition of “oversized cargo” most often includes:

construction equipment: graders, asphalt pavers, excavators, cranes, beams;
agricultural machinery: tractors, combines, etc.;
devices used in industry: boilers, turbines, transformers, reactors, metal processing equipment, presses, injection molding machines, test benches and so on.

Since there is a huge amount of non-standard cargo, it is customary to divide them into several categories:

Oversized heavy cargo - if it is loaded into a truck, the maximum permitted weight will be exceeded, or the axle loads will be greater than the permissible norm.
Large cargo - when placed in a truck, any one indicator for the dimensions of the rolling stock will be exceeded several times.
Long cargo - when transported on a truck, it will extend beyond the tailgate by 2 meters or more.

Considering all of the above, cargo is considered non-standard if its dimensions (taking into account the size of the truck used for transportation) will be:

above 4 meters;
longer than 20 meters. According to all standards, a load overhang of 2 m is allowed, taking into account that the length of the object is no more than 20 meters;
the transported cargo is wider than 2.55 meters;
the object weighs more than 38 tons.

The most difficult thing is to deliver oversized cargo, the parameters and weight of which exceed all permissible limits. One important thing to keep in mind is that to determine the size and weight of the item being delivered, you must measure it with the truck in mind.

To transport oversized cargo in Russia, special permits will be required. Moreover, the rules for transporting oversized goods prescribed by law must be observed. It is extremely important to correctly position and secure non-standard cargo during transportation on a vehicle.

Delivery of oversized cargo is a difficult and labor-intensive task. Therefore, later in the article we will analyze the main difficulties and problems that may arise in such a situation.

Basic rules for transporting oversized cargo by road

Special requirements are established for transporting heavy and large objects by truck. Transportation of goods protruding from the rear of the vehicle by more than 2 meters and exceeding a height of 4 meters is carried out according to the rules established by Order of the Ministry of Transport No. 258 and regulations of the Government of the Russian Federation.

If single places are installed, when stacking them, ensure the same number of tiers and securely fasten the top one. These characteristics are specified in paragraph 23.5 of the traffic rules. If the cargo being transported meets these parameters, then its transportation will require a special permit. From here it is logical to find out what exactly applies to oversized cargo.

Difficulties in transporting oversized cargo

By definition, working with oversized cargo is a special type of transportation. To successfully complete such a complex delivery you will need:

Choose a suitable vehicle for the delivery of oversized cargo.
Remember about the specifics of the regions through which you will have to pass.
Choose a convenient transportation route to save money and time.
Calculate the duration of transportation.
Take into account all possible difficulties that may arise during delivery.
Calculate how much money you will spend on transporting such cargo.
Sign all necessary documents.

It is recommended to use the services of logistics specialists so that the transportation of oversized cargo in Russia is successful and the delivered item is not damaged.

Why do they trust us with oversized cargo?

Transportation of large cargo by road is one of the most complex transport services. Delivering heavy products requires maximum responsibility, suitable vehicles and special requirements.

Business Lines take care of customer cargo:

We provide the ability to track the movement of cargo at all stages of transportation
We insure cargo and transportation terms, we fully cover risks
We develop safe loading and securing schemes for cargo
We transport vehicles from our own fleet, which includes about 4,000 vehicles with a carrying capacity from 1.5 to 20 tons, no older than 3 years old and with engines of a standard higher than Euro-5

Legal basis for transportation of oversized cargo

Today, there are certain norms and laws that regulate the transportation of oversized cargo in our country. These must be strictly adhered to to ensure legal transportation.

First of all, moving a truck with oversized cargo along the roadway must take into account the Traffic Rules. If at least one violation is detected, it will be necessary to pay a fine in the prescribed amount.

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In addition to the Traffic Rules, take into account the Rules for transporting cargo by road, and also study the Instructions for the delivery of oversized cargo by road on the territory of the Russian Federation. These regulations specify the rules and principles according to which you must organize the transport of large and heavy cargo. The technical requirements for the trucks used are also specified here, and the legal features of transportation are indicated.

Traffic rules when transporting oversized cargo

The very concept of “oversize” does not appear in the Traffic Rules; such objects are called large-sized cargo. Specific standards that could be relied upon when organizing oversized transportation are not specified.

However, general requirements are established:

in Article 2 - have a special permit for the transportation of heavy cargo during their direct transportation;
in Article 3 – have and use orange and yellow beacons for a vehicle carrying out oversized cargo transportation, as well as for escort vehicles;
in Article 10.4 - the obligation to move no higher than the speed specified in the special permit for the transportation of large and heavy cargo;
in Article 11.6 - the obligation of the driver of an oversized vehicle to take actions that simplify his advance (overtaking) outside a populated area;
in Article 23.4 - the obligation to install an oversized load sign.

What traffic regulations say about oversized cargo

Paragraph 23.5 of the traffic rules states that a truck is marked with special distinctive signs.

Let's look at the main signs used during the delivery of oversized items:

A road train sign is required for a truck that has one or more trailers. It looks like three glowing lights (triangle) placed on the roof of a truck. This sign should be turned on after sunset or when visibility on the road is poor.
A “Large Load” sign is required when the item being transported is located outside the truck, protruding 1 m from the rear and no more than 40 cm from the edge. The sign is coated with a special compound that reflects light so that it is better visible at night or in poor visibility. It is made in the form of a white and red square made of metal or plastic; the dimensions of the sign are 40 by 40 cm. The width of the stripes is 5 cm.
The “Long Vehicle” sign is located on the rear of the truck if the dimensions of the latter exceed 20 m. It is made in the form of a rectangular yellow shield with a red border. The dimensions of the sign are 120 by 20 cm. If it is not possible to install such a sign, you can use 2 identical signs with dimensions of 60 cm by 20 cm.

What other signs might there be for oversized cargo? When visibility is poor (at night, at dusk or in the presence of fog), a white light or reflector is placed on the nose of the vehicle. A reflector or red light is installed at the rear of the vehicle. These steps must be performed while traveling on public roads.

What other traffic rules exist that are important to follow when transporting oversized cargo in Russia:

Transportation is allowed on special trucks.
The final weight, taking into account the passengers in the vehicle and the cargo being transported, should not exceed the weight established by the manufacturing company that produced the truck.
The driver should monitor the position of the load while driving on public roads.
Government authorities establish special rules for the transport of dangerous and extra-large items. They are marked with special signs to make them easier to identify.

Oversized cargo is

Oversized cargo, also known as large cargo, also known as heavy cargo, is one whose weight and overall dimensions exceed the permissible standards established by the ministry of a particular country.

The Russian Federation Traffic Regulations establish the following parameters for oversized cargo:

If the luggage exceeds the dimensions of the car by more than 1000 cm.
If on the sides the load protrudes more than 40 cm from the side lights of the car.

Traffic regulations on the transportation of goods

Clause 23.5 of the traffic rules informs that a vehicle transporting oversized cargo must be marked with the sign “Large cargo”. In addition, in the evening, that is, from the beginning of evening twilight to the beginning of morning twilight, and in the daytime in conditions of poor visibility, a reflective element or white light must be installed in front of the vehicle, and a reflective element or red light must be installed in the rear . These rules are sufficient for driving on public roads.

Special requirements for cargo transportation

State authorities have established special standards for the transportation of explosive, chemical, flammable and other dangerous goods, long, oversized, heavy cargo.

Special rules that must be followed when driving a vehicle with or without cargo:

If the height of the Vehicle is more than 4 meters from the road surface.
If the vehicle width is more than 2.55 meters. For refrigerated trailers (freezers) and isothermal bodies, the permissible width is no more than 2.6 meters.
If the length of a road train with one trailer is more than 20 meters.
If the length of a road train with two or more trailers is more than 24 meters.
If the overall dimensions of the transported cargo exceed the dimensions of the vehicle by 2 meters (in height and width).

If the height of the Vehicle is more than 4 meters from the road surface.
If the vehicle width is more than 2.55 meters. For refrigerated trailers (freezers) and isothermal bodies, the permissible width is no more than 2.6 meters.
If the length of a road train with one trailer is more than 20 meters.
If the length of a road train with two or more trailers is more than 24 meters.
If the overall dimensions of the transported cargo exceed the dimensions of the vehicle by 2 meters (in height and width). Additionally, if the cargo is oversized, you need permission from the traffic police. The main value is the weight of the vehicle along with the cargo being transported.

If the route for transporting oversized cargo takes into account crossing the border of States, then it is necessary to comply with the requirements of the laws of the country in which the cargo is transported.

In Russia, the definition of “heavy” is transport and cargo, the meanings of which are included in one of the following points:

Two-axle vehicles with a load, if their weight is more than 18 tons.
Three-axle vehicles with cargo, if their weight is more than 25 tons.
Four-axle vehicles with cargo, if their weight is more than 32 tons.
Three-axle road train with cargo, if their weight is more than 28 tons.
Four-axle road train with cargo, if their weight is more than 36 tons.
Five-axle road train with cargo, if their weight is more than 40 tons.
A six-axle road train with cargo, if its weight is more than 44 tons.

No less stringent standards are the distribution of weight along the axles. Both the distance between the axles and the road load standards are important. Standards for permissible loads on roads are established during the design and construction of roads, for example, there is a permissible load on one axle of 10 tons, 6 tons, 11 tons, 5 tons, etc. Based on the mass on the axle, a route is laid out. Therefore, truck drivers have to drive not along the short route, but along the permitted route.

Signs used when transporting goods:

Oversized cargo sign

Long road train sign

Sign "Long vehicle"

If the vehicle transports cargo that is classified as dangerous, then the following sign must be installed on it:

What goods are considered dangerous. See classification:

Escort of oversized cargo

Until 2014, companies involved in cargo transportation independently provided conditions for transporting goods whose dimensions were more than 24 meters, but did not reach 30 meters, with a width of 3.5 to 4 meters. Now, for this, you will need to connect the traffic police to ensure safe transportation and connect a cover vehicle that accompanies the cargo during its delivery.

The vehicle accompanying the oversized cargo must meet the following requirements:

there is an orange-yellow stripe on it;
it is equipped with flashing orange-yellow beacons;
such a machine has a reflective or light screen. It warns other road users that oversized items are being transported. For example, this could be the inscription: “Long length.”

Oversized cargo cover vehicle

Until 2014, it was possible to do without contacting the traffic police if the length of a vehicle with oversized cargo was from 24 to 30 meters, and the width was from 3.5 to 4 meters.

After 2014, if a car is loaded with oversized (large, heavy) cargo, then it can only travel if there is a cover vehicle.

A cover vehicle is an accompanying vehicle carrying oversized cargo.

Requirements for a cover vehicle:

There should be a yellow-orange stripe on the side.
Working yellow-orange beacons must be installed.
A reflective sign or illuminated board must be installed to inform other road users. For example, "Long length".

Preparation for transportation of oversized cargo

To avoid unforeseen situations when transporting oversized items, you will have to think through all the details and anticipate problems that may arise. When choosing a transportation strategy, pay attention to such points as:

contacting logistics and transportation specialists;
equipping trucks, railway and water transport, forklifts and so on;
features of operated roads, railways, and waterways. Think about what is best to use in case of an emergency during the delivery of oversized cargo;
requirements for the quality of transportation of oversized items;
volume and time of transportation;
the budget you will spend on organization and transportation itself;
whether anything will need to be agreed upon, including at the state level.

Knowing the characteristics of transported large-sized or heavy items, carry out all the necessary actions to organize and technically equip cargo transportation, use the most effective technology to ensure that transportation is successful, without material and time losses.

Regulatory framework governing the transportation of oversized cargo

Rules for the transportation of goods by road (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 15, 2011 N 272)

Attention! From 01.01.2021 Resolution No. 272 loses force.

Federal Law of November 8, 2007 N 257-FZ “On highways and road activities in the Russian Federation.
Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation dated June 5, 2021 N 167 “On approval of the Procedure for issuing a special permit for the movement of heavy and (or) large vehicles on roads.”
Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation dated January 15, 2014 N 7 “On approval of the Rules for ensuring transportation safety.”

Attention! From 01/01/2021 Order No. 7 loses force.

GOST 12.4.026-2015. “Occupational Safety Standards System (OSSS). Signal colors, safety signs and signal markings. Purpose and rules of use."

Important! On January 17, 2021, Federal Law No. 239 of July 20, 2020 comes into force, which amends a number of regulations. This article provides the norms of this act: it must be taken into account that a number of them are not yet in force at the time of preparation of the material.

The main changes made to Federal Law No. 257 from January 17, 2021:

the concept of a zone of automatic control of a vehicle by weight (mass) and dimensions, a point of such control, was introduced;
it is stipulated that federal rules in the field of transportation of oversized goods do not apply to private non-public roads;
the authority of the owner and trustee of the highway to establish weight and dimensional control points is established;
the order and rules of weight and dimensional control are preserved, which is enshrined in clause 16 of Federal Law No. 257.

Choosing a route for transporting oversized cargo

Since the truck moves on public roads, you will have to select the most convenient transportation route depending on the congestion of the roadway and the speed allowed in a particular area. Pay attention to the specific features of the route used: is the surface good enough, how large is the slope, what is the width of the road, are there any bridges that you will have to cross, or railway embankments, crossings and other obstacles that interfere with the normal delivery of large items.

That is, when choosing the best route from the place of departure to the destination, you should clearly understand all possible travel routes. Have you found 2-3 optimally suitable routes? Consider all the pros and cons of each before deciding and choosing the best one.

How do logistics professionals determine the best travel option when delivering large items? First of all, they adhere to one, most important principle: the shortest travel time. But when working with oversized cargo, you will have to take into account such nuances as possible obstacles on the route - bridges and railway crossings that will have to be overcome, the distance of the road from cities and other populated areas, weather conditions, season and time of day.

So, if the proposed route is laid through the city, then you will have to take into account the specific rules for transporting oversized, heavy and bulky cargo.

For example, you can move around the city with oversized cargo only at night, so that the highway is not congested: this way you will not interfere with other road users. Moreover, there are often cases when truck escort is required (for example, in the case of transporting oversized agricultural machinery). It is clear that this also needs to be agreed with the traffic police.

To determine the best route for transporting oversized cargo, consider characteristics such as:

features of the truck used;
characteristics of transported large-sized and heavy items, specific transportation conditions;
the composition of the institutions that will coordinate the route and control the transportation of oversized items;
stages of cargo delivery operations;
responsibilities of the parties to the transaction.

The transport company and the client submit all necessary data and documents to the road organizations. This is necessary in order to prevent the road surface from being unsuitable for transporting oversized cargo. So, interference can be: the presence of electrical wires, bridges, and the like. In each individual situation you will have to find an individual solution.

Do not forget that planning a route for transporting dangerous goods should be taken seriously. Otherwise, unforeseen situations may arise. The next step is to begin coordinating the route with road organizations, where you will be given permission to transport non-standard items.

Preparation of documents for transportation

In order to transport oversized cargo without problems, you will need to correctly prepare all the necessary documents. The Ministry of Transport Instructions contain all the basic rules for registration.

It contains parameters as well as cargo classification. All oversized cargo is under strict control of the traffic police, which means that it will not be possible to transport anything without documents.

We obtain permits from the Federal Road Agency.

We provide a package of documents including:

statement;
movement diagram;
vehicle inspection (with tractor and semi-trailer);
registration certificate for the dimensions of the transported item.

We will analyze in detail the permitting documents for the transportation of oversized goods. Transported items will have to be processed according to the rules for transporting large and heavy cargo, as well as taking into account traffic regulations and the like. If the length of the transported item is too long or the cargo is oversized, you will have to additionally attach a special permit.

Order No. 258 determines the rules for obtaining permits for transportation. It states:

features of admission, as well as the reasons why you may be refused;
rules for writing and submitting an application;
description of documentation;
features of coordination of transportation of oversized heavy cargo;
the time within which you are required to provide a permit;
the procedure for granting special permission, as well as the reasons why you may be refused.

Special permit for transportation of oversized cargo

If the item is large or heavy, it can be transported if the owner of the roadway gives his consent. You will be given a special permit only if there are no other means of transportation, for example in parts, by plane or by rail.

This document states:

when the application was received and when the permit was issued;
type of transportation;
category of the item being transported;
route;
the period for which the document was issued;
with whom the permission was agreed upon;
vehicle registration number;
name of the transport company, address, telephone number;
payment amount, date and payment document number;
number of the permit, date of issue;
signature of the person who issued the permit;
signature of the person who received it.

A special permit is a guarantee of safety for the owner of the highway. During transportation of oversized cargo, bridges, viaducts, power lines, forest roads, and the like may be damaged. The transport company takes into account the buildings located on the highway and on the sides, in addition, if the owner of the road allows, the wires can be raised for passage.

First of all, you should obtain permission to transport oversized cargo from the owners of small highways, only after that you can apply for permission to travel on large highways. If you are a citizen of another country, the approval will be carried out by the road department.

The special permit applies to a specific route and for a specific load. If the route changes, you will have to obtain a permit again.

In order to obtain a special permit to transport a non-standard item, it will take a lot of time, up to 2-3 weeks if you are transporting cargo from another country. So, to issue this document in Estonia, Finland or Sweden, it will take a couple of days, but in our country it can take up to three weeks. Moreover, the price for a special permit should be added to the cost of transportation. To receive it, you submit a petition to the owner of the track. Keep in mind that the later the application deadline, the higher the cost of the permit.

In a situation where the transport company refused to transport oversized items and returned the special permit before the travel date, you can return half of its cost. However, no one will return the money for registration. Changes to the permit can be made when the issuing organization has been warned about this in advance.

It is prohibited to transport non-standard items if they can be taken away in parts. When issuing a special permit, the transportation company must specify the dimensions of the cargo. If there is an error of, for example, 10 cm, you will have to spend a lot of money.

The carrier must also inform the customer that his goods are oversized. It also happens that a person does not know about it. Most often, it is the carrier company you contact that receives the permit. In the application for a special permit, it is necessary to note not only the data of the applicant and the transport company, but also information about the truck: its type, make, license plate number, axle load, distance between the axles.

When the object being transported is wider than 6 m, the applicant contacts the police department, where they will determine whether additional escort is required to prevent accidents on the road. Control of such transportation is carried out by the road department, the police, as well as the owner of the roadway.

When checking the item being transported, the police may find out that there is no special permit. In this case, the vehicle will be stopped and stored. It does not matter which country the carrier comes from.

Documents for the transportation of oversized items can be completed with the client’s consent. If everything is legally documented, your oversized cargo will be insured against emergency situations on the road.

When is it necessary to obtain permission to transport oversized cargo by road?

Any transportation of an object that falls under the category of oversized (in terms of total weight, axle load, linear dimensions) requires obtaining a special permit for the transportation of oversized items. A special procedure is provided for agricultural machinery, which we will not touch upon in this article. The applicant needs to collect a list of documents, select an authorized body and apply there with a written application.

Attention! Persons responsible for organizing the transportation of large, heavy cargo must contact the authority located at the beginning of the route. If any disputes arise, you should seek clarification from Rostavtodor.

Where to go to get a permit for oversized cargo, and how much does it cost? What documents are required?

How to obtain permission to transport oversized cargo by road? This is an important, complex and at the same time very relevant question. Let's figure it out.

A special feature of obtaining a permit for the transportation of oversized cargo is the long period of consideration of the application (up to 30 days). In addition, if the answer is negative on formal grounds, the process begins again. Therefore, you should prepare for the upcoming transportation of oversized cargo in advance - at least 45 days before its expected implementation.

Road category	Authorization body	Basic documents
International, federal, connecting over 2 constituent entities of the Russian Federation	Rosavtodor	· statement; · traffic route diagram; · cargo documents; · documents for the car; · receipt confirming the transfer of state duty.
Regional, intermunicipal, or local - over the territory of more than 2 constituent entities of Russia	Executive body of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation
Local significance, passing through two or more settlements of the district	Rural authority* of the municipality
Local significance, passing through one district	Municipal authority of the settlement
Urban	District municipal authority of the city

*s/u - self-government

The statement states:

information about the applicant – business entity;
duration of transportation of oversized cargo, type;
expected number of flights;
information about vehicles used for transporting large cargo (license plates, make and model, maximum speed);
detailed characteristics of oversized items that will be transported.

The following documents should be attached to the application:

STS and vehicle passport for the components of the road train - semi-trailer (trailer) and tractor;
diagram of the location of the cargo inside the road train, the expected distribution of loads on each axle;
technical requirements for the transportation of large and heavy cargo, the movement of which is agreed upon.

Attention! The authority issuing a permit for the transportation of large and heavy cargo has the right to request other documents. If they are not provided, transportation approval may be refused. However, the requirement to provide documents must be motivated and not contradict the law.

The processing time for an application is from 5 to 30 days. The state duty is established by clause 111 of Article 333.33 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation and on the day of preparation of the material is 1600 rubles. It should be noted that the last time the price increased was in 2014, therefore, the price may be increased in the near future.

Additionally the following may be requested:

assessment of the suitability of the road for the transportation of oversized cargo;
payment for the reconstruction of roads and other engineering structures (overpasses, bridges, etc.) along the route;
compensation for alleged damage that will be caused during travel.

Types of permits for the transportation of large and heavy cargo:

one-time (for one trip);
urgent (for 1-3 months, or for a certain number of trips within 1-3 months).

Important! To submit documents to obtain permission to transport oversized cargo, the State Services portal can be used. The head of a legal entity, his representative, as well as individual entrepreneurs will require an electronic signature for these purposes. It is also possible to send a package of documents by mail or transfer it directly to the authority in charge of issuing the permit.

Coordination of transportation of oversized cargo across Russia

The collected package of documents is submitted to the authority authorized to consider the application at the place of intended transportation of oversized and heavy cargo. The easiest way to find the address and organization you need is on the Internet, or by asking for help from a company that provides support for the procedure.

Refusal of approval is possible for the following reasons:

if road conditions from a technical point of view do not allow transportation of large cargo and travel by vehicle;
if the cargo can be transported on several vehicles, each of which does not require obtaining permission for transportation;
when the applicant provides invalid data or forged documents.

A full list of grounds for refusal is given in paragraph 39 of Order No. 167. However, they can be reduced to the fact that the applicant either refuses to pay additional costs, or the delivery of oversized items is impossible without disproportionate damage to the engineering infrastructure.

Important! The application must indicate current information about the legal entity, including its legal form. If there is a discrepancy between the information and the Unified State Register, the permit will be refused.

When transportation of oversized cargo by road is prohibited

Let's look at situations when it is impossible to transport non-standard cargo by car:

The object being transported interferes with the driver.
An oversized vehicle loses stability. Weather conditions and the presence of squally winds should be taken into account - they complicate the situation and are additional factors that contribute to the machine overturning.
Oversized cargo prevents the carrier from seeing the situation on the road, which can lead to disastrous consequences.
Non-standard cargo covers lights, reflectors, identification marks, and vehicle license plates.
Transportation of oversized cargo has a detrimental effect on the environment.

Main rules for transporting oversized cargo

Follow these guidelines to successfully transport oversized cargo:

The speed of a loaded vehicle is no more than 60 km per hour.
The speed on the bridge should not exceed 15 km per hour.

After driving a certain distance (for example, 500 km), the driver should make sure that the vehicle is in good condition.
An oversized trailer is equipped with a working parking brake system. In addition, there must be equipment to provide braking to the trailer if the air brakes from the towing vehicle fail.
Oversized items should be well secured. In this case, the fasteners should be checked regularly.

The next difference between this type of transportation is the presence of working brakes. According to the requirements, the brake pedal in a road train is placed on the tractor, while the semi-trailer is equipped with parking brakes. In case the lines break, the vehicle is equipped with a special device for automatic braking. A road train carrying oversized cargo must be equipped with a recoil mechanism, and additional rear-view mirrors are placed on the cabin.

When a vehicle is not equipped according to the rules, the carrier must eliminate the identified discrepancies. Otherwise the vehicle will be stopped.

Important! Specialists will be able to properly secure oversized items, taking into account its size and center of gravity. For transportation to end successfully, the object is transported in balance. It is possible to keep non-standard cargo intact if you take into account its features, secure it correctly and load it.

Oversized cargo rules

A car loaded with oversized cargo can only travel up to 60 km/h.
When driving across the bridge, the speed should be no more than 15 km/h.
The condition of the vehicle must be checked periodically, for example, every 500 km.
A trailer carrying an oversized load must have a working parking brake. In addition to the parking brake, there must be a special device that ensures that the trailer stops in the event that the air brake hose that comes from the towing truck ruptures.
Oversized cargo must be well secured. Cargo fastenings must be inspected periodically.

This video shows what can happen if you don't follow the rules and regulations for transporting large items.

Escorting a vehicle with oversized cargo.

Restrictions on transportation of oversized cargo

In some cases, it is prohibited not only to transport oversized cargo, but also to stop. For example, you cannot:

drive in conditions of poor visibility - up to 100 m, during icy conditions;
exceed the speed permitted for this type of cargo;
move during low visibility;
driving during a storm or heavy snow.

move along the side of the road;
transport oversized items if the fastenings are faulty;
move when the load is not secured, it has shifted;
transport oversized items, the weight of which is higher than permissible for a given vehicle;
transport an object that prevents the carrier from monitoring the road or driving the vehicle;
carry an object that blocks light fixtures or reflectors;
transport oversized items that destroy the road, causing a lot of dust and noise;
make stops where there are no special signs permitting parking.

Note! If you are shipping oversized items overseas, you should consider foreign shipping regulations.

Liability for violations during the transportation of oversized cargo

Traffic rules regulate the transportation of non-standard cargo. Any difficulties can be resolved with the traffic police, but if transportation occurs from another country, then with the Ministry of Transport.

If a violation is detected, the carrier undertakes to pay a fine. Its magnitude is determined by how severe the violation is and its consequences.

If illegal transportation of such cargo without a special permit was detected, administrative liability will be applied (Article 12.12 of the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses) and a fine will be imposed:

for an individual - from 2,000 to 2,500 rubles;
for officials - 15,000 to 20,000 rubles;
for legal entities - from 400,000 to 500,000 rubles.

In addition, the person driving the vehicle may be deprived of his license for 4-6 months.

If a legal entity or individual needs to transport a non-standard item, the relevant rules and regulations should be followed. Otherwise, a fine will be imposed and the driver will lose his license. You cannot transport oversized cargo in a broken car, or hire an inexperienced or unhealthy driver. After all, it is this person who bears all the responsibility for the safety of not only the cargo, but also other road users.

Traffic regulations for the transportation of oversized cargo

The most important restrictions relate to speed: no more than 60 km/h and no more than 15 km/h when traveling on overpasses (bridges). The outside of the cabin requires at least two mirrors on both sides. Visibility should be sufficient for any type of movement, including curved ones.

The driver and vehicle accompanying oversized cargo are prohibited from:

deviate from the route specified in the transportation permit;
exceed the speed limit for this vehicle;
move in difficult weather conditions: snowfall, ice, visibility less than 10 meters;
move along the side of the road, unless specifically provided for by the conditions of cargo transportation;
If a technical malfunction is detected, the load is not securely fastened, or it is loose, continue driving.

If it is necessary to change the route, there must also be appropriate permission for this.

The following requirements apply to the vehicle:

The vehicle must not have any inconsistencies with the requirements established by the traffic rules;
the tractor-semi-trailer hitch meets the weight standards specified by the manufacturer;
the braking system eliminates the possibility of the trailer and tractor “folding” when braking;
The vehicle is equipped with an emergency brake, which is activated when the brake line between the semi-trailer and the tractor breaks;
the vehicle has 2 wheel chocks on each wheel link, and the parking brake ensures stopping on a slope of at least 16 degrees;
If the height of the transported object exceeds 4 meters, the vehicle is equipped with a device for checking the height.

Transportation of oversized cargo by car

It is not uncommon for cars to transport oversized cargo that protrudes above the road. The driver of such a vehicle may also be punished for failure to comply with transportation regulations.

Which item will be recognized as oversized cargo transported in a passenger car:

if it protrudes 1 m behind or in front of the car;
if it protrudes from the side by 40 cm.

Do you need to transport oversized cargo in a passenger car? You will have to use a warning sign, placing it on a protruding area of the item being transported. In addition, in the dark, install light reflectors: white in the front of the car, red in the rear.

Position the item so that the view from the driver’s seat remains good; oversized items must be well secured and should not damage the roadway or other structures.

It is prohibited to transport oversized cargo on a passenger car if it protrudes from the front and rear by 2 m, and its width is more than 2.55 m. In this situation, a special permit is required. If stopped by a state traffic inspector, you may be issued a report and deprived of your license for a period of 6 months.