Pre-trip medical examination of drivers is a necessary preventive measure to prevent road accidents..
The main objective of a pre-trip examination is to confirm the normal state of health of the driver before the trip in order to exclude cases of physical fatigue and to identify the state of drug or alcohol intoxication.
How is the procedure for conducting a pre-trip inspection organized, who should carry out the medical examination of drivers, and who should undergo such an examination?
Who conducts the pre-trip medical examination?
A medical institution (hospital, private medical center) or a medical professional with a special license. Some companies obtain a license and organize inspections themselves.
To obtain a license, you need to collect a complete package of documents, open a medical office and hire a medical professional - a doctor or a medical worker with secondary education who has completed a training program.
Obtaining a license is not easy, so companies usually turn to companies that help collect documents and obtain permission. But the license gives the right to provide services to other companies and is valid for an indefinite period.
If you don’t want to hire a doctor and obtain a license, the company turns to a third-party agency. Small firms usually do just that.
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How is the pre-trip medical examination carried out?
During the medical examination they check:
- Driver's well-being. The doctor measures basic indicators: blood pressure, pulse, temperature. If the pulse and blood pressure are not normal, these indicators can be measured again after 20 minutes.
- Sobriety. The presence of ppm is checked with a breathalyzer.
If the driver has any complaints, vital signs are not normal, or the disease has worsened, he is suspended from work that day. The health worker issues a referral for additional examination to the hospital.
If the breathalyzer detects ppm, or there is a suspicion that the driver has taken drugs, the health worker prohibits going to work.
By law, the inspection is included in working hours. If the employee completes it in his free time, he is paid overtime. The employer also pays for the examination itself.
Contrary or in cut: how do you spell going contrary - together or separately?
“Contrary ” is an adverb or preposition meaning “in spite of”, “contrary to” or “contrary to” something.
An adverb meaning “contrary to, contradicting something.” This evil practice is against the law. His opinions on political issues were contrary to mine. The proposed measures to combat coronavirus go against WHO recommendations.
A preposition meaning “across, towards something.” The boat was moving against the wave. We went against the crowd.
In football, a through pass is a kick into the free zone between the players of the opposing team, where the ball will have to be picked up by an oncoming player from his team.
Pre-trip medical examination log
After the check, the medical worker fills out a pre-trip medical examination log and puts a mark on the waybill confirming that the driver is allowed to drive a car.
The stamp must indicate the time of inspection so that there is no doubt that it is current.
The head of the company is responsible for the journal: he monitors the regularity of entries and compliance with the form.
Fill in the log:
- time of inspection;
- personal data of the driver and information about his health;
- medical report;
- signatures of the health worker and the driver.
.
A waybill with an admission stamp is issued to the driver before each flight. This usually happens every day, or several times a day. But there are exceptions: for example, long business trips.
According to the law, a waybill can be issued for a period not exceeding a month. If a business trip lasts, say, 20 days, the driver is given a waybill in which all points of his route are marked. Then he must undergo a medical examination only once - before leaving. The results will be valid for the entire duration of the trip.
This needs to be remembered
It turns out that the spelling of the adverb «
for (?) takeaway
" is determined exclusively by the written tradition
of the Russian language and does not lend itself to any logic.
The spelling of this adverb
like others like it, which were formed from prepositional-case forms of nouns,
does not depend either on the word itself or on the preposition that has become a prefix.
As you may have guessed, in the context of foods and drinks that you can TAKE WITH you, the adverb “TAKEAWAY” is used.
and it is written
together
.
In our store you can take coffee
to go.
I was tired today, so I ordered food
to go.
Post-trip medical examination: is it necessary to undergo it?
Post-trip inspections are only required for drivers who transport passengers or dangerous goods during working hours. The requirements for them are more stringent: they are checked after each shift and flight.
The procedure for post-trip medical examinations is the same as for pre-trip ones. These inspections have two purposes:
- Monitor employee health. Regular examinations help to notice in time the onset of an occupational disease or poisoning, and to track the impact of harmful factors on health.
- Identify employees who use alcohol or psychoactive substances at work.
For other drivers, inspections are only recommended. For example, it is recommended to examine people at risk after a flight: the elderly, people with illnesses, and people who drink alcohol.
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“In section” – in what meaning is it written separately
The noun “cut” also exists in Russian. In those cases where “in the cut” is a noun with a preposition, it is written separately, in two words.
The tailor cut the fabric and inserted a ribbon into the cut.
Angelina Jolie showed her leg through the slit of her dress.
Reuters
Usually in this case there is an explanatory word: against what? Skirt cut, fabric cut, etc.
Remote pre-trip medical examinations
The medical examination takes up working time: the driver must get to the examination site, undergo an examination, obtain a permit, and only then can he leave for the trip. If there are several flights and they start at different points in the city, the driver is forced to return each time to the medical center with which the company cooperates. Therefore, some entrepreneurs organize remote inspections.
Remote inspections are carried out at points where special equipment is installed: a terminal for measuring body parameters, a camera, a breathalyzer. The inspection procedure is as follows:
- The driver fills out his data in a special computer system.
- The terminal, which is installed at the remote inspection point, measures the driver’s pressure, temperature and pulse.
- The built-in breathalyzer checks for the presence of alcohol in the blood.
During this time, the examination is monitored via a webcam by a licensed healthcare professional. He makes sure that the driver does not violate anything during the inspection. If everything is in order, the medical worker issues a conclusion and allows the driver to board the flight. He confirms his decision with an electronic signature.
There are companies in Russia that sell equipment for remote inspections. Hypothetically, an entrepreneur can install several devices at the right points in the city and save drivers time. But the legality of this method is still in question.
Proponents that remote examinations are legal rely on Federal Law No. 323-FZ “On the fundamentals of protecting the health of citizens in the Russian Federation.” Article 36.2 allows for the provision of medical care using telemedicine technologies. Typically, companies that sell equipment or organize remote inspections convince customers that everything is absolutely legal.
But court decisions and responses from regulatory authorities indicate that the Russian authorities do not consider remote medical examinations legal. For example, the Arbitration Court of the Sakhalin Region refused to invalidate a fine for violating the medical examination procedure. The court concluded that the regulations do not directly indicate that telemedicine can be used during pre-trip medical examinations.
And this is an explanation regarding the legality of remote inspections on the website of the prosecutor’s office of the Republic of Crimea. Roszdravnadzor believes that remote medical examinations pose a threat to traffic safety.
The laws do not directly prohibit the provision of telemedicine services during a pre-trip medical examination, nor do they permit remote examinations. But practice shows that the court almost always recognizes that remote inspection is a violation.
The matter may not come to punishment. Employees who check drivers sometimes get into a situation and turn a blind eye to the fact that the medical examination was carried out remotely. But according to the law, inspectors have every reason to fine the driver and entrepreneur a large sum. Therefore, allowing a driver to board a flight without a personal medical examination is a serious risk.
"In the cut." Examples
An incision is made through the abdominal wall and the wall of the stomach. A tube with two discs at the ends is inserted into the incision. I.P. Pavlov. "Lectures on Physiology"
The Regent, with his left hand, thrusts a colored handkerchief into the back of his sleek frock coat. L.A. Kassil. "Conduit and Shvambrania"
Daria, with an awkward movement, put money into the slit of her blouse and headed towards the crowd. M.A. Sholokhov. "Quiet Don"
At that moment, the hated, stubborn, sweet sun threw a yellow, living light through the clouds, giving birth to running shadows of people, clarity and purity of the distance. A.S. Green. "Forgotten"
I turn into the cut between the houses. There's construction here. Sergey Yursky. "Hofmann's Wallet"
Strangers constantly looked into the opening of my lilac blouse, and it was unpleasant and unusual. Yu.I. Andreeva. "Assembly ellipses"
Source of article: https://www.anews.com/p/126962088-vrazrez-ili-v-razrez-kak-pishetsya-idti-vrazrez-slitno-ili-razdelno/
Fines and liability for violations during pre-trip medical examinations
Penalties for lack of a medical examination are established by Article 12.31.1. Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation:
For drivers: 3,000 rubles
For officials: 5,000 rubles
For legal entities: 30,000 rubles
Fines for violating the established procedure for medical examinations are prescribed in Article 11.32 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation:
For drivers: 1,000 - 1,500 rubles
For officials: 2,000 - 3,000 rubles
For legal entities: 30,000 - 50,000 rubles
If the company fails to conduct an inspection or violates the procedure for conducting it, and the driver gets into an accident with serious consequences, it may lead to criminal prosecution. This is regarded as a violation of labor protection requirements (Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, Article 143). In this case, the manager and the person responsible for conducting inspections may be assigned:
A fine of up to 400,000 rubles or in the amount of wages or other income for a period of up to 18 months.
Compulsory work for a period of 180 to 240 hours.
Correctional labor for up to 2 years.
Forced labor for up to 1 year or imprisonment for the same period with deprivation of the right to hold certain positions or engage in certain activities.
It is impossible to collect a fine from an employee for failing to undergo a medical examination - this decision was made by the Sverdlovsk Regional Court on November 27, 2019 in the case of recovery of damages from an employee No. 33-20128/2019.
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"At odds." Examples
Ney tries his luck again: he gathers up to 120 squadrons and, reinforced by numerous infantry and artillery, attacks the central battery. F.N. Glinka. “Essays on the Battle of Borodino (Memories of 1812)”
He didn't say anything particularly smart; some of his words even seemed to go against his convictions, Nezhdanov... I. S. Turgenev. " Nov "
Lopatin looks ahead with intense attention, breathing intermittently, directing the longboat across the wave. K. M. Stanyukovich. "Around the World on Korshun"
He was forgiven for many things: hot cries, paradoxes, even opinions that went against the grain... Andrei Bely. "At the turn of two centuries"
Kolosov hurriedly goes against the crowd, hears loud, seemingly jubilant exclamations: “Ten years of hard labor!” L.N. Andreev. "Protection"
The revolutionary impulse must be encouraged, even if it goes against your science... A.N. Tolstoy. "The Road to Calvary"
Once upon a time the writer was treated kindly and exalted, but the further he went, the more his work ran counter to the canons of socialist realism... Sergei Dovlatov. "Red Devils"
Is it possible to pay a fine for violating the requirements for pre-trip medical examinations at a discount?
Can. A 50% discount applies within 20 days from the date of delivery of the resolution. You can check the presence of a fine by the license plate number of the car or by resolution.
Tracking fines can be difficult: they can be issued to both the organization and the driver. To avoid checking data manually, connect to the Online State Traffic Safety Inspectorate service for monitoring fines for legal entities. The service will collect all fines of the organization in your personal account. You can pay in one click and view your payment history at any time. And if a fine is imposed on the driver, the program will send him an SMS with a link to online payment.
according to article
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We will tell you about the intricacies of the legislation, help you understand it and tell you what to do in controversial situations.
However, there are cases when the rule does not work
And all these cases are when we have before us not an adverb, but a noun with a preposition
.
To take work clothes home, you must apply
for a take-out
Guests looked enthusiastically
at the taking out of the wedding cake.
As a rule, in such situations, you can add a word between the preposition and the noun that does not distort the meaning of the phrase ( they looked at
the ceremonial take-out of the wedding cake
).
To avoid mistakes, start from the context of the sentence. The adverb “TAKE-AWAY” will have the meaning:
With permission to take home (about food, drinks purchased in buffets, cafes, etc.)
. [Large Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language, ed. S. A. Kuznetsova].
Now admit it, did you know the answer to the question in the title?
