Calculation of damage to a car after an accident using the unified methodology of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation and RSA databases

What is the Unified Methodology for Calculating Damage?

The Unified Methodology for Calculation of Damage (UMRU) is a special method with which you can calculate the amount of insurance compensation under compulsory motor liability insurance.

In fact, EMRU is a set of formulas.

The unified calculation methodology is regulated by the following documents:

Federal Law No. 432-P . It is the main regulatory document in accordance with which the amount of monetary compensation is calculated.
Federal Law No. 433-P . It is an additional regulatory document that regulates the rules for conducting an independent examination, with the help of which it is possible to assess the amount of damage and establish some details of the accident.
BCZ . It is an electronic database that stores information about the cost of certain spare parts for most vehicles.

The draft laws were developed by the Ministry of Transport, the Central Bank and the Russian Union of Auto Insurers (RUA). Before the introduction of ERMU, there were more than 5 recommended state methods with which it was possible to determine the amount of damage.

The problem was that these techniques did not fit well with each other, which led to confusion. Another problem was that different methods gave different results, and the size of the recommended payments when using different methods could differ by 2-3 times .

Because of this confusion, many dissatisfied car owners sued the insurance company, and in 2013, before the law was adopted, the number of such lawsuits was more than 600 thousand.

The adoption of EMRU allowed us to solve many problems:

Reducing the burden on the judiciary.
Increasing the level of transparency between insurance companies and motorists.
Unification of calculations.
Stabilization of the economic model of compulsory motor liability insurance.
Increasing the reliability of insurance companies.

How to find out the spare part number for PCA

There are several ways to find out the part number you need. The simplest is to remove the spare part from the car and look at the barcode (sometimes it is not necessary to remove it), but this is not always possible: the car is not nearby, there is no barcode, or for other reasons.

You can go to the store, find the spare part you need and take the code from it. The websites of many online stores have electronic catalogs with all the necessary information. If the part is rare and you can’t find it, you can write a request to the official dealer and ask for data.

You can also find services on the Internet that search for car parts by VIN number.

It must be taken into account that only original parts, information about which is contained in the database, are suitable for assessing spare parts according to OSAGO RSA.

Method structure

EMRU is a document with which you can calculate the cost of insurance compensation. The EMRU contains the following information - definition of basic terms, calculation algorithms, formulas for calculations, reference materials, rules for drawing up expert reports, and so on. Using this information, you can accurately determine the amount of insurance payment for repairs.

The unified methodology for calculating damage contains information about all the main cars that can be found in the Russian Federation (the total number of car brands is more than 67, and the list itself is periodically updated).

It should also be remembered that EMRU can only be used if the client of the insurance company is an individual.

The methodology has the following structure:

7 main chapters , which contain basic information on the calculation of insurance compensation under compulsory motor liability insurance.
10 applications that contain some additional information (correction factors, a list of parts for which a zero wear value is set, the average annual mileage of cars, and so on).
There is also a special electronic database that contains information on the average market cost of parts. This database is called BCZ.

Type	Number	Short name	Information
Head of the Basic Law	1	Procedure for determining vehicle damage	Contains general information about EMRU. It is also indicated here that EMRU was created so that with its help it would be possible to calculate the amount of insurance compensation for damage to any vehicle. It also stipulates some basic concepts (evidence, vehicle examination, examination results) that are used to calculate insurance payments. Information is also indicated here that all examinations are divided into primary (carried out by an emergency commissioner or an insurer’s technician) and additional (carried out by forensic and independent experts).
2	Investigation of the circumstances of the accident	This chapter discusses the issue of studying the circumstances of an accident. The circumstances of the accident are studied with the help of special examinations, with the help of which it is possible to establish the key details of the accident (based on this information, in the future it is possible to establish the culprit of the accident, the degree of culpability, the type of violations that led to the accident, the amount of damage caused, and so on). Typically, two examinations are carried out to investigate the circumstances of the accident. The first examination is an expert-comparative analysis of the documentation that was drawn up after the accident. The second examination is a scientific expert analysis of an accident, with the help of which it is possible to establish the nature and type of damage caused; Based on this data, a computer model can be created that can be used to identify the culprit of the accident. If one of the parties does not agree with the conclusions of previous examinations, it can conduct an additional examination to clarify some details that may be important when considering the case.
3	Determining the level of repair costs	Contains a number of algorithms that can be used to calculate the total cost of vehicle repairs. The following expense items are discussed here: the purchase of new auto parts (engine, headlights, bumper, etc.), the purchase of materials (paint, primer, abrasives, and so on) and the services of technicians.
4	Determining wear levels when purchasing new parts	This chapter contains information on which you can calculate the wear of old parts. The fact is that many parts deteriorate over time, so when determining the level of compensation, the residual cost of the old part (taking into account wear and tear) should be subtracted from the full cost of each new part.
5	Determining the cost of surviving parts if the vehicle is destroyed	This chapter describes a methodology with which you can calculate the cost of some spare parts, provided that the vehicle is completely destroyed (and there is the possibility of reusing these undamaged parts). The fact is that the damage caused may be so severe that the car will be almost impossible to repair, but some parts may be serviceable. Based on the data provided in this chapter, the cost of these serviceable spare parts can be calculated.
6	Determining the value of a vehicle before damage	Contains information on how to use a methodology to calculate the pre-accident value of a vehicle. With the help of this information, you can understand whether it makes sense to restore the vehicle at all. The fact is that sometimes the damage can be so severe that repairing the vehicle does not make sense (for example, the value of the car before the accident may be much lower than the cost of repair). This chapter also specifies a method for calculating the average market value of a new car that is similar to a damaged one. If it turns out that a new car costs much less than repairing a damaged car, then the person is simply given money to buy a new vehicle (after all, in most cases it is quite difficult to calculate the cost of a car before an accident).
7	The procedure for approving reference books for calculating the average cost of damaged parts	This chapter contains a list of sources that can help a technician or insurer estimate the cost of new parts. The fact is that when calculating damage, many parameters are used that can change (for example, the market value of parts). Some regulations of the Central Bank, an electronic database of spare parts, price standards and some other documents that do not contradict the EMRU are used as regulatory documents containing the necessary information.
Appendix to the law	1	Photographing an accident and a damaged car	Contains information on how and in what cases it is necessary to record the consequences of an accident on photographic or video equipment. This information will be useful both in the case of drawing up a standard protocol with the involvement of traffic police officers, and in the case of drawing up a European protocol without the participation of traffic police officers. This information may also be useful in the event of litigation.
2	Typical vehicle damage	Contains information that can significantly simplify the procedure for classifying damage caused. This application also states that there are a total of 32 characteristic damages.
3	Costs for restoring the body of some vehicles	This paragraph contains information on the basis of which you can calculate the cost of repairing non-metallic bodies of some vehicles. The fact is that the body of some foreign and domestic cars is made not of metal, but of some other materials (for example, special plastic), so an additional method is needed to calculate the repair of such a body.
4	Commodity markets and boundaries of economic regions	Contains information about which economic regions certain areas belong to (13 regions in total). The fact is that the average market cost of parts is calculated taking into account the economic region (after all, for example, the price of a part in St. Petersburg may differ significantly from the price of the same part in Vladivostok).
5	Size of correction factors for determining the degree of wear	When calculating the degree of wear, 2 special coefficients are used (depending on the type and brand of the vehicle). In this application you can find out the size of these coefficients in order to correctly calculate the degree of wear.
6	Size of correction factors for determining the degree of wear of very old parts	In some cases, the values of the 2 correction factors (used to calculate the degree of wear) can be reduced. This annex provides information about the specific cases in which this may occur; The degree of reduction of these correction factors is also indicated here.
7	List of parts for which wear value is set to zero	For some damaged parts, the wear value is set to zero. This appendix provides a list of these parts (brake discs, steering wheels, tie rod ends, etc.).
8	Directory of average annual vehicle mileage (including regions)	When calculating the cost of repairs, the vehicle's mileage is also taken into account. In this application you can find out the average annual mileage of vehicles (taking into account the type of vehicle and region of residence).
9	Reducing factor K, with which you can take into account the operating time of the vehicle	The cost of insurance payment may be slightly reduced depending on how long the vehicle is in use. This annex specifies the size of this reduction factor (the size of the factor depends on the type of vehicle and age of use).
10	Additional coefficient K, which can be used to take into account the nature of mechanical damage	The cost of insurance payment may be changed depending on the nature of mechanical damage. This annex indicates the size of the correction factor, and the factor itself depends on the degree of mechanical damage.

Vehicle inspection report after an accident

After an accident, it is necessary to draw up a vehicle inspection report (usually this document is drawn up by experts with the participation of people who were involved in the accident).

The vehicle inspection report must include the following information:

Reason for inspecting the vehicle (in our case it will be an accident).
The exact start and end date of the vehicle inspection.
The exact address . If the accident occurred near a house - the street name and house number, if the accident occurred at an intersection - street names, if the accident occurred far from any populated areas - the name of the highway, kilometer number and direction of travel.
Full information about the owner , as well as information about the person who was driving at the time of the accident (after all, in the general case, the driver may not be the owner of the car, but some other person, for example, a friend of the car owner).
Information about the vehicle - equipment, start-up, mileage, and so on.
Information about damage that occurred before the accident . It is necessary to indicate not only all old damage, but also indicate the type of damage, their location, and so on. If repairs were made or spare parts were changed, this fact must also be reflected in the report.
Information about damage that occurred as a result of an accident . It is necessary to indicate not only all existing damage, but also indicate the type of damage, their location, and so on.
If any part was taken for analysis to conduct an additional examination, this fact must be reflected in the report.
The current condition of the car should also be indicated in the report. If the car was evacuated , information about where and how the vehicle was evacuated should be reflected in the report.

Rules for conducting examination of calculations using RSA

The unified methodology for calculating damage contains special rules that regulate the conduct of special examinations, with the help of which the amount of monetary compensation can be determined.

EMRU requires experts to meet the following requirements:

They must have higher technical education.
They must undergo special expert technical courses. At the end they must pass the exam successfully.
They must take advanced training courses at least once every 5 years.
The minimum professional experience is 12 months.
After receiving a license to conduct an examination, information about the expert is entered into a special list of auto expert technicians. This list can be found on the RSA website . From this register you can find out the following information about the expert - full name, city, legal status, terms of accreditation, contact details, and so on.

Setting the amount of payments - the basic formula

The unified methodology for calculating damage contains information on how to correctly calculate the amount of insurance compensation.

The following formula is used for calculations:

RK = SR + SM + SD.
RK is the total amount of compensation.
CP is the cost of repair.
CM is the cost of materials.
CD is the cost of parts that need to be replaced.
When calculating these indicators, the average market cost of parts, materials and repair work is taken into account. The maximum degree of deviation from the average market value can be no more than 10% .
When calculating the cost of work (CP) and materials (CM), the date and region of the accident are taken into account.
Calculation of CP and SM occurs on the basis of the standards specified in Appendix No. 3.
Only those damages caused by road accidents are taken into account . If, for example, someone scratched a car before an accident, then the insurance company will not give money to paint over the scratch.
It should also be remembered that when calculating the cost of parts (CP), wear should be taken into account. To do this, it is necessary to calculate the correction factor using a special complex formula; after this, you need to subtract this coefficient from unity, and the resulting result should be multiplied by the SD parameter.
It should be understood that the correction factor will always be less than one, so the full market value of the damaged part will not be returned to you.
And this is fair - after all, over time, many parts wear out, and if you are in an accident, the insurance company must only compensate for the market value of the old part.
If the total amount of compensation exceeds the cost of a new car of the same make and model, then the insurance company will issue money not for repairs, but for the purchase of a new car . Often this approach is used when there is so much damage that it is much cheaper to buy a new car than to repair the old one.

Why check the cost of spare parts?

The results that can be obtained by using the PCA service help double-check whether the compensation calculation by the insurance company was calculated correctly. The union database contains prices for parts from different regions, and the results are presented in average form. If the results of several experts differ, it is necessary to recalculate their cost using an online service. Of course, the insurance company pays the minimum possible amount, which is to a certain extent fraudulent.

How to calculate damage under compulsory motor liability insurance

Let's try to calculate the amount of damage ourselves:

Let us have a car CHERY TIGGO (T11). Let's assume that the car was released in 2012. Its mileage was 70 thousand kilometers.
In March 2021, an accident occurred.
Let's first calculate the degree of wear . To do this, you can use a special complex formula; You can also use a special online calculator. Regardless of the calculation method, we will get a wear rate of 0.35 (or 35%).
Let us remind you that the amount of compensation is calculated according to the following formula : amount of compensation (RK) = cost of materials (CM) + cost of repairs (SR) + cost of parts (SD).
Let's first calculate the SD parameter (cost of parts). Suppose we should buy a bumper, a right headlight and a mount for the right headlight. To do this, let's go to several sites and find out how much the same parts will cost on different sites (we will visit 3 sites). After this, you should calculate the arithmetic average (this will be the average market value). Let the bumper cost 3,600, 3,400 and 3,200 rubles on different sites - then the arithmetic average will be 3,400 rubles. Using the same scheme, we will calculate the cost of the headlight and headlight mount - let their average market price be 3,000 rubles and 800 rubles, respectively. Now let's add up these three numbers - we get 7,200 rubles. Now let's calculate the cost of parts taking into account wear: (1 - 0.35) * 7,200 = 4,680 rubles.
Let us now calculate the CP parameter (repair cost). Let us only need to repair the wheel arch and carry out wheel balancing. Let the average market price of a standard hour in cases 1 and 2 be 1,000 rubles each. Now let’s open Appendix No. 3 - it states that the standard is 3.0 and 0.1 in the first and second cases, respectively. Let's calculate the CP: CP = 3.0 * 1.000 + 0.1 * 1.000 = 3.100 rubles.
Now let's calculate the CM parameter (cost of materials). Let's say we should paint the new bumper and bumper mount. Let's assume that the average market price for a standard hour is 1,200 and 500 rubles, respectively. Let's open the application - it states that the standard is 1.0 and 0.4, respectively. Let's calculate CM: CM = 1.0 * 1.200 + 0.4 * 500 = 1.200 + 200 = 1.400 rubles.
Now we have all the data. Let us now calculate the amount of the insurance payment : RK = SM + SR + SD = 1,400 + 3,100 + 4,680 = 9,180 rubles.

Is the RCA service capable of replacing car assessments by experts?

The RSA service provides reference information on the cost of spare parts. The resulting amount of costs for spare parts is not official data, and is offered to the client for an approximate calculation of the cost of restoring the machine.

The cost of spare parts in the directory is calculated by transferring foreign currency, with the value determined in rubles.

Information on spare parts in the database does not always remain relevant at the current moment, so deviations are possible taking into account these circumstances.

The final estimate of the cost of repairs, taking into account the replacement of necessary spare parts, is carried out by experts, based on an analysis of the damage received by the vehicle.