- December 5, 2019
- Automobile law
- Yulia Lobach
In this article we will look at parking lot markings.
For safe road traffic and economical use of parking areas and parking lots, correct and competent markings in the parking lot are necessary.
Today, any trip for every car enthusiast turns into an adventure in finding a free parking space. The situation with parking is most difficult in the historical centers of large cities and in the courtyards of old buildings, where the urban plan does not provide space for the number of cars that there are today.
The dimensions of parking lot markings are regulated by GOST (51256-2011). If a citizen knows such information, it will be easier for him to defend his own rights if, for example, a car was hit and dented in a parking lot due to a narrow passage.
The concept of parking - what is it?
A park is usually understood as a designated area that must have a fence, an appropriate road sign and markings. Car spaces are provided free of charge, for example, in parking lots located near public places, or for a fee if the parking is municipal or private. Municipal parking lots usually use the Parkon automated parking system.
To assign an area the official status of a parking lot, it must be registered and formalized in accordance with all legal requirements. Currently, the parameters of parking areas are regulated by SNiP 113.133330.2016 with the title “Car Parking”.
We will explain below what types of parking markings there are.
What is this
A parking lot is a place to park a vehicle.
It is specially equipped for the safe location of the vehicle. In addition, parking can be done in specially designated areas.
You can park:
- in specially designated places marked with the appropriate sign;
- at the edge of the road, that is, parallel to the roadway or with access to the sidewalk, if there is a special road
- on the side of the road.
The difference between a parking lot and a parking space is that it is part of the road. You cannot park on the lawn or in the green zone, or in spaces for the disabled, if the vehicle does not have a special badge.
A parking space is a part of a building or structure, the boundaries of which are clearly defined and fixed. This place is intended for parking vehicles.
Locations of parking areas
The location of the parking area and markings depends on many factors:
- Size (number of parking spaces).
- Distance from public places and environmental sites.
Any parking lot must be safe, and the list of potential threats from parking areas, even if they are located outdoors, is quite extensive: exhaust fumes, gasoline leaks, road accidents, fires.
If we think from the other side - from the point of view of the car owner, then the most convenient parking is the one that is located closest to the required place. Usually, no one wants to walk an extra distance to a hospital, shopping mall, office or any other public place.
The distance at which parking markings should be located from urban planning objects is regulated by SNiP “Car Parking”.
If a car park can accommodate 10 or fewer cars, it must be located 10 meters from public buildings and residential buildings. Such car parking should be at least 25 meters away from public gardens, city parks, playgrounds and sports grounds, hospitals, schools and kindergartens.
Parking lots accommodating 10-50 cars should be located at a distance of 15 meters from residential buildings whose walls have windows, and at a distance of 30 meters from hospitals, schools, kindergartens and other similar buildings.
Open parking areas accommodating up to 100 cars must be 25 meters away from residential buildings. They should be located at the same distance from various public institutions.
Large car parks with up to 300 parking spaces should be located:
- at a distance of 35 meters from residential buildings with windows;
- 50 meters - from kindergartens, vocational schools, schools, and other children's institutions;
- 60 meters from recreational areas for citizens, sports grounds and stadiums, and medical institutions.
Car parks with a capacity of over 300 cars must be 50 meters away from residential buildings with windows. Other requirements for such parking areas do not change. As for huge parking lots that can accommodate 500 cars or more, they are recommended to be located exclusively in industrial zones.
SanPiN 2.1.4.1074 prohibits the placement of open parking areas in areas where water intake for domestic and drinking purposes occurs.
Basics
The rules for marking a parking zone should be taken into account by both those who equip themselves with a personal parking space and the owners of large parking lots.
There are 2 basic rules:
- it is necessary to take into account the dimensions of the vehicle for which the parking is equipped;
- When the doors are open, a person must pass between vehicles.
According to GOST
On road surfaces you can use:
- arrows;
- inscriptions;
- lines;
- other signs.
Parking must also be marked with special signs.
The following types of markings are distinguished:
- horizontal;
- vertical.
Minor nuances
But you should rely not only on GOST standards when applying markings in the parking zone. It is worth focusing on the secondary rules.
This:
- some car owners have great difficulty parking;
- the lines should be moderately thick and clearly visible even in the dark;
It is advisable to use paint that has reflective particles.
- it is necessary to minimize the presence of various elements in the parking area that reduce space;
- Don’t forget about decorative elements and compliance with green space standards.
Width
The minimum width of a parking space should not be less than 2.3 m. If the space is intended for a disabled person, the width increases to 3.5 m per parking space. These dimensions are necessary to calculate the optimal area of the parking space.
Do you know if you can stop your car in front of a pedestrian crossing? See the article: parking in front of a pedestrian crossing. What paid parking is is written here.
Dimensions of parking spaces in open parking lots
The size of a parking space for 1 car in a parking lot is easy to calculate if you know that the following parameters are the minimum:
- The length of the parking space is 5.3 meters.
- The width of the parking lot is 2.5 meters
Moreover, the width of the marking, which is 10 cm on each side, is not taken into account. That is, a parking space must have a minimum area of 13.25 square meters.
It is important that the standard length of a car is considered to be 4.4 meters, width - 1.8 meters.
At the discretion of the owners of the parking area, the size of the parking space may be increased. For example, parallel parking will be most comfortable if the length of one parking space is 8.8 meters, that is, equal to the length of 2 standard cars. In this case, the comfortable size of a parking space is considered to be the width of a standard car plus 1 meter, that is, 2.8 meters. This width of the parking space allows you to ensure the safety of the driver or his passenger getting out of the car.
If we talk about herringbone parking, then more space is needed. According to the standard, one such parking space must have an area of 18 square meters.
Parking spaces intended for parking cars for disabled people reach their maximum dimensions. Their width reaches 3.6 meters, and their length is 6.2 meters.
The law allows deviations from the specified dimensions, but such a deviation must be within 5 cm. Such dimensions are primarily due to fire safety measures. In addition, they help reduce the likelihood of accidents in parking areas.
What are the standards for parking lot markings?
Types of parking space locations
- Perpendicular to the road. Should not interfere with the free movement of all types of transport along the roadway.
- Parallel to the road. It is used when there is no recess from the direction of the main movement by more than 2-3 meters.
- Inclined. Used to create small “pockets”. The slope is 45°-60°.
- "Herringbone". Most often used in large parking areas. It consists of two continuous rows with a zigzag line in the center.
Technical requirements for marking parking spaces
Technical requirements include not only the organization of the parking space as a whole, but the materials from which the fences are made and with which markings are applied:
- If parking is located in the local area, then it must have clearly defined boundaries. To create its boundaries, a side stone should be used.
- The pole or vertical support must have clear reflective markings. In particular, this paragraph applies to parking areas located in courtyards.
- To apply markings to asphalt pavement, thermoplastic or nitro paint should be used. But practice shows that white water-based paint is often used for this purpose, which is washed off by precipitation in less than a season.
Our work on parking lot markings
Works: Painting parking spaces, solid lines, stencils. Base: Fine-grained asphalt concrete mixture type B, grade 2; Material: Road paint "AK 511". |
Customer: SO UES JSC. State tender Object: Outdoor parking, indoor parking Place and date : Moscow, 2021 | |
Works:
Base: Outdoor parking - fine-grained asphalt concrete pavement of type B mixture, grade 2. Covered parking - topping. Material: Cold plastic, Road paint "AK 511", Epoxy enamel. |
Customer: MD LLC Object: LEFORT Business Center , open parking. Place and date: Moscow, 2019-2020 | |
Works:
Substrate: Open parking - fine-grained asphalt concrete pavement of type B mixture Material: Cold plastic, Road paint "AK 511" |
Customer: EF EM SOLUTION LLC Object: Ducat Place III Business Center (Dukat Place 3), open parking. Place and date : Moscow, 2021 | |
Works:
Base: Open parking - fine-grained asphalt concrete surface. Material: Cold plastic. Customer: EF EM SOLUTION LLC Object: White Square Business Center (White Square), covered parking. Place and date : Moscow, 2021 | ||
Works:
Grounds: Covered parking - Topping. Application material: Epoxy enamel. Painting material for wheel guards: Polyurethane two-component paint. Customer: APLEONA HSG LLC Object: Business , covered parking. Place and date : Moscow, 2021 | ||
Works: Numbering of parking spaces; Base: Polymer floor; Material: Epoxy enamel. Customer: TR LLC Object: "DECATHLON" Altufyevo Place and date : Moscow, 2021 | ||
Works: Branded painting of Yandex Delivery parking spaces Base: Open parking - fine-grained asphalt concrete surface. Material: Cold plastic, Road paint "AK 511" |
Customer: PJSC Sberbank Object: Business Center "GENEVA HOUSE" Place and date : Moscow, 2021 | |
Works: Branded painting of parking spaces for Electric Vehicles; Base: Covered parking - polymer floor; Material: Epoxy enamel. |
To apply markings, it is necessary to prepare the parking lot for the arrival of the team.
What our customer needs to know
- regardless of the type of material - a dry and clean surface before applying road markings (no dirt or greasy stains);
- complete absence of cars in the marked parking lot;
- willingness to provide premises for temporary storage of marking equipment and materials.
Stages of work production
Work on marking is carried out in several stages
- Development of a traffic management project (if necessary).
- Defining anchor points and transferring the project to a plane.
- Preliminary marking with chalk or tape.
- Marking.
- Cleaning and garbage removal.
Road marking materials can be compared according to various criteria
Correctly selected material is of great importance for applying road markings in parking lots When choosing, it is necessary to take into account many features: road surface, traffic intensity, operating conditions.
Comparison criterion | Road paint | Cold plastic | Acrylic em al | Epoxy paint |
Price policy | The most budget option | High cost of work and materials | Average cost of work and materials | High cost of work and materials |
Layer thickness | 0.2 – 0.4 mm | 1.5-3 mm | 0.2 – 0.4 mm | 0.12 - 0.16 mm |
Base | Asphalt, concrete, topping, polymer | Asphalt, concrete topping, polymer | Concrete, topping, polymer | Concrete, topping, polymer |
Operation after application through | 15-25 minutes | 20-30 minutes | 1 hour | 6-8 hours |
Application temperature | from +5 to +35 C | from +5 to +40 C | from +2 to +30 C | from +10 to +30 C |
Abrasion resistance | Low | High | High | High |
Application method | Mechanized | Manual only | Manual / Mechanized | Manual / Mechanized |
Surface | Matte | Matte | Glossy | Glossy |
Cleaning properties | Low | Low | High | High |
Possibility of choosing colors | Produced in white, yellow, orange, red, black, blue, green colors. | Available in white, yellow and red colors | white, yellow, red, green, blue, black, gray, orange. | Tinting according to catalogs RAL, NCS, MONICOLOR NOVA, etc. |
Surface | Vertical, horizontal | Horizontal | Horizontal, vertical | Horizontal, vertical |
Working with materials in a covered parking lot is possible under the following conditions:
Ventilated room with good ventilation;
The surface is cleaned, free of dirt, puddles, oil stains and dust;
Car-free workspace.
Disabled parking space
Let’s talk about the “Parking for disabled people without sign” markings.
In the modern world, many car owners have limited capabilities, that is, they are disabled. There are especially many who use a wheelchair. Special standards have been developed for citizens of this category. To begin with, the size of the parking space has been increased to 3.6 * 6.2 meters. This is necessary so that a person in a wheelchair can move unhindered between the car rows. In addition, parking spaces for disabled people should be located as close as possible to the entrance of the building.
Car spaces intended for disabled people occupy approximately 20% of the entire parking area. Typically, spaces for the disabled can be found in parking lots near hospitals, shops, shopping centers, residential complexes and other public buildings.
Parking lot paint
Our company supplies high-quality paints for parking lot markings. Your parking lot has asphalt, concrete, topping or polymer coating - we will offer the most suitable marking material, taking into account all the requirements, at the lowest price.
LLC "PaRus-msk" - Official representative of specialized paints and polymers for Greek road markings.
LLC "PaRus-msk"
Request a quote by email or phone
+7
/ Parking Russia provides services for the installation of road markings: creation of a traffic management project for the period of construction and operation (PODD), transfer of the project to a plane and application with various materials and methods, installation of safety and navigation elements.
The company’s specialists are proficient in the technologies for using marking materials and will prepare an individual commercial proposal, taking into account the assigned tasks
Manual application of cold plastic, mechanized lining of the area using professional airless paint marking technology, marking and numbering of parking spaces, directional arrows and navigation, pedestrian crossings, spaces for the disabled, fluorescent light green-black vertical marking of supports and columns of underground parking, restoration epoxy markings on polymer floors, complex and multi-colored images, and if necessary, we’ll make it all reflective!
Warranty from 6 months to 3 years!
A specialist’s visit is free within 24 hours!
Types of parking
In a broad sense, parking can be of several types:
- ground (outdoor or indoor). Occurs most often. The most convenient parking option in the city center;
- underground. This type is popular in large shopping centers and complexes. Parking, as a rule, is located on the -1 floor of the shopping center building;
- multi-level (can be above-ground, underground or above-ground-underground). This type is used in places where it is necessary to park many cars in a small area;
- mechanized. This is a multi-tiered building with an automated elevator and cells for cars.
All parking lots (except for mechanized ones) must have markings. It depends on how the cars will be installed.
- Obliquely, at an angle of 45 degrees. The passages between the rows may be slightly narrower, as it is more convenient to exit at a smooth angle and the car needs less space to maneuver.
- Transversely, at an angle of 90 degrees. This allows more cars to be parked; however, in busy areas, parking obstructs the passage of traffic and increases the likelihood of accidents.
- A combination of these two types depending on the shape of the parking lot and its location.
IMPORTANT! The semicircular marking indicates the turning point. In residential areas, it may indicate exit from the adjacent territory.
Peculiarities
Depending on the type of vehicle, the category of the driver and the type of parking, there are some rules for marking parking spaces that need to be taken into account.
For invalids
Disabled persons have the right to an improved parking space. Larger parking spaces are provided for this category of drivers. In addition, such places should be located as close as possible to the entrance to the institution.
The length of the parking space depends on the type of vehicle it is driving.
But, as a rule, it is standard - 6 m. And the width will be slightly larger than for healthy drivers - at least 3.5 m. This is due to the fact that a disabled person must fully open the doors of the car in order to perform any maneuvers.
10% of the total number of parking spaces at a given site must be allocated for people with disabilities
They must be marked with a special sign. A sample parking lot marking for the disabled according to GOST is indicated by a special sign in the form of a wheelchair.
On a semicircular
What does this parking method mean? With this method, one parking space must be at least 18 square meters. m area, while the length is 5 m . Such dimensions are relevant if cars will be parked at 45 degrees 1 seat .
If you make markings for parking cars at an angle of 60° , then slightly less space will be required.
One car will occupy about 16 square meters. m , while the length of one parking space must be at least 5.4 m.
Paid
Regardless of whether parking is paid or free, the minimum size of one parking space must be observed. In paid parking, spaces for vehicles must be located in accordance with GOST.
Do you want to understand how to park correctly for a person with disabilities? Read about this in the article: parking for disabled people. Don't know how to pay a parking fine? Read here.
All parking rules are collected here.
Parking lot markings
Applying markings in parking lots and multi-storey parking lots is a rather responsible process, since it is the proper placement of cars and ways to maneuver them in the parking lot that is the key to road safety and efficient use of the parking area.
As a rule, the traffic and parking scheme for vehicles is developed at the design stage of the building, but it happens that it is necessary to make changes, what is called “on the spot,” based on the current situation. We carry out both the full range of works on landscaping parking lots and individual types of work:
- Design of parking lots and parking lots (traffic diagram and location of parking spaces)
- Applying horizontal markings (floor coverings)
- Applying vertical markings (walls, columns, borders)
- Removing horizontal markings (demarking)
- Removing vertical markings (demarking)
- Applying parking space numbers (paint, cold plastic)
- Installation of information plates and signs, installation of parking equipment
When improving parking lots and parking lots, we use both the traditional method of applying markings, using acrylic paints and high-pressure painting units GRACO, WAGNER, and the new technology of ultra-precise application of acrylic, polymer, polyurethane paints and mastics (cold plastic). In addition, we can offer a combined technology for applying horizontal and vertical markings, which will save the Customer’s money.
In addition, the hallmark of our work is the highly accurate printing of parking space numbers of any size, font and shape. We successfully apply multi-color, complex floor signs, symbols, markers and designs using paint transfer through complex vinyl stencils so that the paints do not mix or layer on each other. This precision, edge-to-edge paint technology delivers unrivaled appearance and performance. This application method can be used on almost any coating (concrete, polymer coatings, asphalt, epoxy coatings).
For informational and educational purposes about the possibility of applying various types of road markings in parking lots, parking lots and parking lots, we provide you with an Excerpt from the STATE STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION * (some images are missing)
STATE STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION TECHNICAL MEANS OF TRAFFIC ORGANIZATION ROAD MARKINGS GENERAL TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
1. DEVELOPED by the State Enterprise "ROSDORNII" (SE "ROSDORNII") together with the Research Center of the State Road Safety Inspectorate (SIC STSI) of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 278 “Road Safety”
2. ADOPTED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by Resolution of the State Committee of the Russian Federation for Standardization and Metrology dated March 30, 1999 No. 103
3. The standard complies with the requirements of the Convention on Road Signs and Signals (Vienna 1968), taking into account Amendment 1 (1995) and the Protocol on Road Markings (1973) to the European Agreement (1971), supplementing this Convention.
4. INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME
Technical means of organizing traffic. Road markings. Types and basic parameters. General technical requirements. Traffic control devices. Road Markings. Types and basic parameters. General technical requirements. |
1. Scope of application This standard establishes the shape, color, size and technical requirements for the marking of streets and roads under construction and in operation (hereinafter referred to as roads), regardless of their departmental affiliation. 2. Normative references This standard uses references to the following standards GOST 9.403-80. Paint and varnish coatings. Test methods for resistance to static effects of liquids. GOST 7721-89. Light sources for color measurements. Types. Technical requirements. Marking. GOST 10807-78. Road signs. General technical conditions. GOST 19007-73. Paint and varnish materials. Method for determining the time and degree of drying. GOST 23457-86. Technical means of organizing traffic. Rules of application. GOST R 50970-96. Technical means of organizing traffic. Road signal posts. General technical requirements. Rules of application. GOST R 50971-96. Technical means of organizing traffic. Road reflectors. General technical requirements. Rules of application. 3. Types and basic parameters 3.1 Markings should be considered lines, inscriptions and other designations used independently, in combination with road signs or traffic lights, on the carriageway of roads with improved surfaces, curbs, elements of road structures and road conditions.
3.2 There are two marking groups, horizontal and vertical. Each type of marking is assigned a number consisting of numbers indicating the first number - the number of the group to which the marking belongs (1 - horizontal, 2 - vertical), the second - the serial number of the marking in the group, the third - the type of marking.
3.3 The numbers, shape, color, dimensions and purpose of each type of marking are given in Appendix A (Tables A1 and A2). The sizes of arrows, letters and numbers are given in Appendix B (Figures B1 - B9).
3.4 Horizontal markings can be permanent or temporary. The functions of temporary road markings are limited to the duration of the road work or events that required its introduction. Temporary road markings, except 1.4, 1.10, 1.17, must be orange and made with materials that can be quickly removed. When applied, permanent markings are not required to be removed.
3.5 Rules for the use of road marking lines are given in GOST 23457 4. General technical requirements 4.1 Marking can be made with various materials (paint, thermoplastic, cold plastic, polymer tapes, piece forms, reflectors, etc.) that meet the technical requirements below.
4.2 When drawing marking lines, their deviation from the design position should not exceed 5 cm. The deviation of the dimensions of marking lines from those established by this standard should not exceed: 1 cm - along the width of the line; 5 cm - along the length of strokes and breaks;
4.3 The markings should not protrude above the roadway by more than 6 mm. Retroreflectors (reflectors) used for optical orientation of the driver in combination with horizontal marking lines or independently should not rise more than 15 mm above the roadway.
4.4 The curing time of markings made from plastic marking materials after their application to the coating should not exceed 20 minutes, and the drying time of paint and varnish materials to degree 3 according to GOST 19007 - 30 minutes, at a temperature of (20±5)°C and relative humidity (65±10) %.
4.5 The adhesion coefficient of horizontal markings during any period of operation should not differ by more than 25% from the adhesion coefficient of the coating on which this marking is applied.
4.6 Markings made with thermoplastic, cold plastic or other similar materials must have a functional durability of at least one year, and with paint and varnish materials - at least 6 months. The functional durability of the marking is determined by the period during which the marking meets the requirements of this standard, and on any control section with a length of 50 m, the destruction of markings made of thermoplastic or other durable materials, except paints, does not exceed 25%, and the wear of markings made of paint does not exceed 50% of it area.
4.7 When applying markings according to the changed scheme, there should be no visible traces of the old markings.
4.8 Plastic marking materials must be resistant to the static effects of water at a temperature of (20±2)°C and a saturated sodium chloride solution at a temperature of (0±2)°C for at least 72 hours, paint and varnish materials for at least 48 hours.
4.9 Color coordinates x and y of road markings applied to the pavement of roads, determined in the 1931 CIE colorimetric system with light source D and measurement geometry 45°/0° (see Figure B.1), must correspond to those specified in Appendix B (Table B.1).
4.10 Marking of highways, except for roads of the 4th category, must be carried out using reflective materials. On sections of roads that do not have artificial lighting, white marking stripes 2.1-2.3 must be made of retroreflective material (except for bollards with internal lighting), and fencing and guide devices marked with markings 2.4-2.6 must have reflective elements. Types of retroreflective elements, their sizes and installation rules must comply with the requirements of GOST R 50970 and GOST R 50971.
4.11 Retroreflective elements used in conjunction with markings 2.4-2.6 or without markings on galvanized surfaces of road barriers, located to the right of the roadway in the direction of travel, must be red, and on the left - white or yellow.
4.12 The brightness coefficient of road markings must correspond to the values specified in Appendix B (Table B.2), taking into account the characteristics of the road.
4.13 The retroreflectivity coefficient of road markings must correspond to the values specified in Appendix B (Tables B.3, B.4), taking into account the characteristics of the road.
4.14 The requirements for the brightness coefficient and retroreflectivity coefficient of road markings specified in paragraphs 4.12 and 4.13 must be maintained: - for markings made of paint and varnish materials - for the first 3 months. operation; - for markings made of thermoplastic, cold plastic and other durable materials - during the first 6 months. operation. With further use of road markings, it is allowed to reduce the values of the brightness and retroreflectivity coefficients given in Appendix B by no more than 25%. 5 General requirements for control methods 5.1 Control of lighting and color technical characteristics should be carried out at air temperature (20±2) ° C, relative humidity 45-80% and atmospheric pressure 84-107 kPa (630-800 mm Hg).
5.2 Measurements of chromaticity coordinates x, y and brightness coefficient of road markings are carried out in accordance with the methodology outlined in section D.1 (Appendix D). It is allowed to control the color of road markings by visual comparison with standard samples approved in the established manner, in daylight diffused light and observation in a direction perpendicular to the marking surface.
5.3 Measurement of the retroreflectivity coefficient for dark conditions when illuminated by car headlights and a dry surface is carried out in accordance with the methodology outlined in section D.2 (Appendix D). Measurement of the retroreflectivity coefficient for dark conditions when illuminated by car headlights for wet markings and in rain is carried out in accordance with the methods set out in sections D.3 and D.4 (Appendix D).
5.4 Measurement of the adhesion coefficient of road markings is carried out in accordance with the methodology set out in section D.5 (Appendix D).
5.5 Measuring the curing time of the marking after its application to the coating is carried out in accordance with GOST 19007.
5.6 Testing of markings for resistance to static effects of water and saturated sodium chloride solution is carried out in accordance with GOST 9.403 Appendix A * (No images) (mandatory)
Shape, color, dimensions of road markings Table A.1
Number | Purpose |
1.1 | Separation of traffic flows in opposite directions. Designation of traffic lanes Designation of the boundaries of sections of the roadway into which entry is prohibited. Marking the boundaries of vehicle parking areas |
1.2.1 | Marking the edge of the roadway |
12.2 | Marking the edge of the carriageway on two-lane roads |
1.3 | Separation of traffic flows in opposite directions |
1.4 | Designation of places where stopping of vehicles is prohibited |
1.5 | Separation of traffic flows in opposite directions. Lane designation |
1.6 | Designation of approach to a continuous line of longitudinal markings |
1.7 | Designation of traffic lanes within an intersection |
1.8 | Marking the boundary between the acceleration or deceleration lane and the main lane of the roadway |
1.9 | Designation of the boundaries of the traffic lanes on which you carry out reverse control. Separation of traffic flows in opposite directions on roads where reverse control is carried out (with reverse traffic lights turned off). |
1.10 | Designation of places where parking of vehicles is prohibited |
1.11 | Separation of traffic flows in opposite or similar directions in places where it is necessary to limit maneuvering on the roadway Designation of places where it is necessary to allow movement only from the side of the broken line (at turning points, entry and exit from parking areas, gas stations, stopping points of route vehicles, etc. .P) |
1.16.1 | Designation of islands separating traffic flows in opposite directions |
1.16.2 | Designation of islands separating traffic flows in the same direction |
1.16.3 | Designation of islands at confluences of traffic flows |
1.17 | Designation of route vehicle stops and taxi ranks |
1.18 | Indication of directions of movement along the lanes (see Figure B.2) |
1.19 | Designation of approach to a narrowing of the roadway or to a continuous line of longitudinal markings 1.1 (see Figure B.3) |
1.20 | Designation of approach to the transverse marking line 1.13 (see Figure B.4) |
1.21 | Designation of approach to the transverse marking line 1.12 (see Figure B.5) |
1.22 | Road number designation (see Figures B.6 - B.8) |
1.23 | Designation of a lane of the roadway intended exclusively for the movement of route vehicles (buses, trolleybuses) (see Figure B 9) |
1.24.1 | Duplication of warning road signs* |
1.24.2 | Duplication of prohibitory road signs |
1.24.3 | Duplication of the road sign "Disabled" |
1.25 | Identification of speed bumps |
2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 | Designation of vertical surfaces of road structures (bridge supports, overpasses, end parts of parapets, etc.) 2.1.1 - to the left of the roadway; 2.1.2 - on the roadway, 2.1.3 - to the right of the roadway in a given direction of travel |
2.2 | Designation of the lower edge of the span of overpasses, bridges, tunnels |
2.3 | Designation of round bollards on traffic islands |
2.4 | Designation of signal posts, berms, cable fencing supports, etc. |
2.5 | Marking the side surfaces of road fences in dangerous areas |
2.6 | Designation of the side surfaces of road fences |
2.7 | Marking of curbs in hazardous areas and side surfaces of raised traffic islands |
Technical requirements for marking
Note - For vertical markings of black color, the value of the brightness coefficient is not standardized. Figure B.1 (no figure)
Appendix D (mandatory)
Methods for monitoring road markings D.1 Methods for measuring chromaticity coordinates and brightness coefficient of road markings
D.1.1 The chromaticity coordinates x and y and the brightness coefficient bY of the marking are measured using the spectral distribution of radiation of a standard light source D65 according to GOST 7721.
D.1.2 The measurement is carried out at a 45°/0° geometry, when the light source 3 is located at an angle of 45°, and the photodetector of the measuring device 1 is perpendicular to the marking surface 2 (Figure D.1).
D.1.3 The surface area of the road markings on which the measurement is carried out must be at least 5 cm2.
D.1.4 Measurements must be carried out on at least three samples. The final measurement result is the average value.
D.1.5 Using a measuring device, determine the color coordinates X, Y, Z of the road marking sample under study and calculate the color coordinates using the formulas: x=X/(X+Y+Z); y=Y/(X+Y+Z) The brightness coefficient bV of road markings is determined by the Y color coordinate. It is numerically equal to the Y color coordinate, expressed as a percentage. It is possible to directly measure chromaticity coordinates using a colorimeter.
D.2 Methodology for measuring the retroreflectivity coefficient of markings for dark conditions when illuminated by car headlights and a dry surface.
D.2.1 The measurement conditions should simulate the visibility of markings from a car when illuminated by headlights at a distance of 30 m, while the level of the driver’s eyes above the road surface should be 1.2 m.
D.2.2 Retroreflective coefficient of markings RL, mkd?lx-1? m-2, calculated by the formula: RL=L/E^ (D.3)
where L is the brightness of the measured surface of the road marking sample under the lighting and observation conditions shown in Figure D.2, μd?m-2, E^ is the illumination of the measured surface of the road marking sample in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the incident light, lux.
D.2.3 The photodetector and the light source must be in the same plane , perpendicular to the marking surface. The viewing angle a is 0.95°. The angle between the direction of illumination and the road marking surface e is 1.34° (Figure D.2).
D.2.4 When taking measurements, use a directional light source of type A [TCV=(2856±50)K]
D.2.5 The aperture of measuring devices should not exceed 0.33°.
D.2.6 The measured surface of the road markings must be at least 50 cm2. The entire surface of the road marking measurement must have uniform illumination.
D.3 Methodology for measuring the retroreflectivity coefficient of markings for dark conditions when illuminated by car headlights and a wet surface.
D.3.1 The technique for measuring the retroreflectivity coefficient of markings is similar to that described in section D.2.
D.3.2 When carrying out measurements in dry weather, it is necessary to pour about 10 liters of clean water from a height of 0.5 m onto the road surface of a horizontal section in the measurement area. After 1 minute, the values of L and E must be measured to calculate the value of RL.
D.4 Methodology for measuring the retroreflectivity coefficient for dark conditions when illuminated by car headlights and rain.
D.4.1 The technique for measuring the retroreflectivity coefficient is similar to that described in section D.3.
D.4.2 When carrying out measurements in dry weather, it is necessary, using a special sprinkler installation (Figure D.3), to simulate rain without fog and evaporation with an intensity of 20±2 mm/h on a surface twice as wide as the marking, but not less than 0.3 m and 25% longer than the measured marking surface.
D.4.3 Measurement of the L and E values to calculate the RL value should be carried out 5 minutes after the start of the rain simulation.
D.5 Method for measuring the coefficient of adhesion of a wheel with road markings.
D.5.1 The adhesion coefficient should be measured with the PKRS-2, PPK-MADI-VNIIBD device or other devices whose readings are adjusted to the PKRS-2 readings.
D.5.2 The road marking surface to be measured must be moistened and, if necessary, pre-cleaned.
D.5.3 The measurement must be repeated at least five times. When the measured values of the adhesion coefficient do not differ from each other by more than 0.03, calculate the average of the measurement results, which will be the desired value. Otherwise, the measurement should be repeated until the three learned values differ by more than 0.03. 1 - spectrophotometer or colorimeter, 2 - road markings, 3 - light source
(*) — Please note that the text is not complete, some images and drawings are missing.
What are the penalties for non-compliance with the rules?
For non-compliance with the rules for organizing parking space and for incorrect parking, fines are provided:
- Parking in a space for disabled people without a right - 5 thousand rubles.
- Parking on the lawn - from 3 to 5 thousand for individuals (in Moscow and St. Petersburg, in the regions the fine may be lower).
- Unpaid paid parking will result in a fine of 2,500 rubles.
- For parking in the area covered by a “No Parking” or “No Stopping” sign - a fine of 1.5 to 3 thousand rubles.
- For other parking violations, the driver can be fined from 500 rubles to 5 thousand.
It should be remembered that for incorrect parking the car can be taken to an impound lot, which (like a tow truck) will have to be paid by the car owner.
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If an organized parking lot is not “designated” according to the rules, then its activities will be contrary to the requirements, and accordingly, it will be possible to complain to the road inspection. All marking lines and installed signs, as well as the dates and principles of repair and installation work, must be approved by the relevant authorities.
Coverage and its end
To the delight of motorists, the territory where you can park your car for money is not endless. The first sign that separates the paid parking zone is 6.4 in combination with 8.8. They show the beginning of the site. The influence of symbols extends beyond the installation site.
End of paid parking sign
On the other border of this territory there should be another sign indicating that there is no parking for money on the further length of the road. The “End of paid parking” sign is a crossed out symbol 6.4.
More on AutoLex.Net:
What does the adjacent territory mean in traffic rules, rules for driving along it
Instead or next to it, there may be a banner with information that when driving beyond this border, the driver leaves the parking lot. Sometimes, instead of the crossed out letter “P”, the symbol 3.27 is used, meaning a prohibition on stopping.
The effect of the “Paid parking” sign may be limited in other ways:
- Table 8.2.1. It indicates the extent of the territory and the direction in which it extends.
- The nearest intersection. In the absence of symbols other than 6.4 and 8.8, the toll area extends to a distance of up to 5 m from its first intersection.
- Shields and posts along the perimeter of the zone, not counting the open spaces for entry and exit. You can park your car outside of them for free if there are no prohibitory signs.
- Symbol 3.28. It does not allow parking. You can no longer park there, either for money or without paying.
Courtyards adjacent to nearby buildings are not affected by 6.4+8.8. The same applies to entries and exits from them.