How to transport oversized cargo - what do traffic regulations say in 2021?

Acceptable truck sizes in Europe

Length - road train

The projector height of the new truck tire
The length of the road train should not exceed 24 m for a tractor unit with multiple trailers and 20 m for a tractor unit with one trailer.

When the length of a road train is over 20 m, it is recommended to install an identification plate indicating the actual length of the train on the rear side or a special panel mounted at the end of the vehicle.  

To reduce the length of the road train during transportation, the boom is folded or the head section of the boom is disconnected and transported separately.  

To reduce the length of the road train during transportation, the boom is folded or the head section of the boom is disconnected and transported separately.  

KL of the useful use of the length of a road train indicates a more rational use of the overall length of trailed road trains, despite the fact that their overall length is longer than that of semi-trailer road trains. At the same time, the large overall length of trailed road trains is due to the larger total length of the tractor and trailer platforms, which provides, as shown above, higher values ​​of the load capacity utilization factor.  

The disadvantage of this method of transportation is the increase in the length of the road train, which limits the use of the method when transporting long vehicles.  

On single-lane roads, two-way traffic is ensured by the construction of sidings with a useful length of at least the length of the design road train, located within visibility, but not less than 500 m from each other. The width of the roadbed and roadway at the sidings is taken as for two-lane roads. Transition from single-lane to double-lane width on.  

The ease and insignificant time required for changing the length of sliding semi-trailers makes it possible to reduce the length of the road train during empty runs or when transporting products less than 12 m, which increases the average technical speed of the vehicle and facilitates the driver’s work, especially on sections of roads with heavy traffic.  

In terms of dimensions, construction loads are: overall, fitting into the permissible dimensions for highways - width 2-5 m, height 3-8 m, length of the road train no more than 24 m; for railway transport gauge 1524 mm (according to GOST 9238 - 83) and oversized - exceeding these indicators.  

Until 1991, the main limitation for increasing the unit weight of the capacity of tank trucks used on general roads was the total weight allowed by road standards (no more than 38 tons), axle loads, and the length of the road train.  

Characterizes the use of the vehicle's carrying capacity based on the size of the platform. The coefficient of useful use of the length of the road train KL...  

In accordance with the requirements of traffic regulations, transportation along a certain route can only be carried out with a special permit issued by the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate. The height of the load above the surface of the roadway must be no more than 4-5 m and must be agreed upon with communications services. If there are railway crossings on the route, if the dimensions of the vehicle with or without cargo exceed 5 m in width, 4-5 m in height above the roadway surface, 20 m in length of the road train with one trailer (semi-trailer), and the total actual weight of the vehicle exceeds 52 tons and travel speed is less than 5 km/h, coordination with the railway track distance is also required.  

What is a road train

The traffic rules establish that a road train is a mechanical vehicle that has a trailer and is driven by an engine. But this is a very broad definition that includes vehicles not usually referred to by this term. For example, it can mean a tram with several cars or a tractor. However, a road train in the usual sense is traditionally called a truck with a trailer or a truck tractor with a semi-trailer, sometimes a trailer.

Long vehicles of this type must be equipped with signs indicating that it is a road train. First of all, it should have three yellow lights on the roof of the cabin, installed at a distance of up to 30 cm between them. These signs are turned on when driving at night, during poor visibility and when stopping. In the case of transporting oversized cargo, the transport must be equipped with special signs consisting of diagonal red and white stripes. The perimeter of the entire body is also equipped with additional LED lights.

Note! To drive a freight vehicle, the driver must have a license in one of the following categories: C (trucks weighing over 3.5 tons), CE (trucks with a trailer), C1 (medium trucks from 3.5 to 7.5 tons), C1E (medium trucks with trailer).

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of such transportation over transporting cargo by one vehicle:

• Greater productivity (although the speed is 20-25% lower compared to a conventional truck).
• Possibility to place additional equipment on the road train itself.
• The axle load is lower despite the higher load capacity.
• Divisibility (component parts can be alternately hitched to the tractor, unloaded or loaded onto trailers separately, reducing downtime).

The vehicle pulling the road train is called a tractor. It is distinguished by high engine power (at least 450 horsepower, and in some models – up to 610).

The frame of semi-trailers and long transport trailers is additionally reinforced. Suspensions, depending on the model, can be spring or pneumatic.

With all the advantages of such transport, it is worth considering its disadvantages:

• Difficulty reversing.
• Low maneuverability.
• Low movement speed.
• Low cross-country ability on poorly paved roads.

Manufacturers

Since a road train is a composite vehicle, different companies produce different components. If we talk about curtain side semi-trailers, the most popular are the products of foreign companies such as Krone, Kogel, Schmitz. Among the domestic ones, it is worth noting Nefaz and Tonar.

Preference for truck tractors is also on the side of foreign brands. In Russia, as in Europe, “Big Seven” cars are widespread: Volvo, Scania, MAN, DAF, Iveco, Mercedes, Renault. Products from the domestic automobile industry are also often found - KamAZ, MAZ. Among the specialized road trains you can find Tonar products and AZ Ural trucks.

Movement - road train

Features of transportation of oversized cargo

The movement of the road train cannot begin until the pressure warning lamps in the brake system circuits go out.  

The movement of road trains during transportation using the traction arm system is organized according to hourly schedules. Traffic schedules are drawn up taking into account road conditions and the time spent on interconnecting semi-trailers at the end points of the traction arm. Travel speeds should be reduced in the autumn-winter period due to reduced daylight hours and worsening meteorological conditions. After developing a traffic schedule, to clarify it, a test run of the road train with a full load is carried out under the supervision of the commission. Then the traffic schedules are approved and a traffic schedule on this road is drawn up, which indicates the days and times of arrival and departure of road trains for each point.  

The movement of a road train is associated with an increase in rolling and air resistance forces. Imperfection of the turning devices and gaps in the coupling devices lead to the fact that the trajectory of the trailer or semi-trailer does not coincide with the trajectory of the tractor. When moving at high speed, angular vibrations of trailers occur in the horizontal plane, and when the speed of the tractor changes, longitudinal jerks and impacts occur.  

The movement of road trains towards each other must be calculated so that they arrive at the end points of their traction arms at the same time. After re-coupling semi-trailers and a short rest, drivers can continue driving in the opposite direction.  

The driving conditions of a road train around a turn differ significantly from those of a car. The difference is that the smallest internal overall radius of turning of a trailer is smaller than the smallest internal overall radius of a car or towing vehicle, and this radius is smaller for a single-axle trailer than for a two-axle one. Therefore, in order to determine the width of the passage sufficient to turn the road train, it is necessary to know the smallest outer overall radius of the car or tractor and the smallest inner radius of the last trailer in the road train.  

The speed of a road train must be lower than the speed of a single vehicle. Before reversing the road train, you need to lock the front axle of the trailer with a locking device.  

When a road train moves through intermediate points of the route, the transported cargo is unloaded and new cargo is loaded. In this case, upon arrival at the destination, the driver receives invoice orders for additional loading of the road train at the route control center and then proceeds to the warehouses of the consignee or consignor. After completing the travel documentation, the driver, according to the established schedule, goes to the next point of the route.  

When a road train moves in passages limited on both sides, for example, a gate, an intersection, the outer component An affects the width of the entrance passage, and the internal component Dv affects the width of the exit and entry passages. When turning a road train on a free site, when there are no obstacles from the center of the turn, the value of A does not affect the width of the site.  

When a road train is moving as part of a tractor-trailer with a trailer (semi-trailer), the amount of lateral vibration (wobble) of the trailer relative to the tractor-vehicle in each direction should not exceed 3% of its overall width.  

When moving a road train with a long load in mountainous areas, it is important to ensure that the vehicle passes without the load touching the ground. The route of movement of pipe transport vehicles often runs along a complex profile of dirt roads with descents, ascents and other irregularities that impede the movement of vehicles with long loads. . The movement of overly long road trains is also not allowed, as this causes danger when overtaking, passing and maneuvering.  

The movement of overly long road trains is also not allowed, as this causes danger when overtaking, passing and maneuvering.  

When developing routes for road trains in rough or mountainous terrain, it is necessary to perform a dynamic calculation of the vehicle, showing the possibility of moving a road train at a given speed in the most difficult places and the highest inclines.  

Thus, for the road train to move, it is necessary that the traction force on the mover overcome all the above resistances.  

What is considered oversized cargo?

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It includes types of cargo, the size and weight of which exceed the values ​​​​established by traffic regulations that apply to items permissible for transportation. Based on Russian laws, the following can be classified as cargo of this type:

• protruding in front and behind vehicles by more than 100 cm;
• protruding from the edges of the vehicle by more than 40 cm.

The calculation is carried out regardless of the dimensions of the machine itself. Thus, if, when transported on a light-duty truck, the cargo protruding beyond its limits will be defined as oversized, when transported by a long truck, it will be classified as a regular type of cargo.

Dimensions of cargo when transported by road

The key indicator of cargo transportation rules is section No. 23 of the Russian Traffic Regulations. It consists of 5 points that provide superficial requirements for a given situation.

However, a closer analysis allows us to determine more specific conditions applicable to the stage of transportation of large containers, construction equipment and other cargo.

Traffic signs limiting the movement of cars by size

The Russian Federation Traffic Regulations provide for uniform standards characterizing the conditions for prohibiting the movement of vehicles that do not meet standard dimensions.

There are 3 of them in the “Prohibition Signs”:

1. Sign 3.13 “Height limitation”. Used to restrict the passage of vehicles whose height is greater than the value shown on it. It is placed in situations where the gap from the road to the bottom of the span structures or means related to engineering communications is less than 5 m. The maximum difference in height between the number indicated on the sign and the actual one depends on what exactly it is installed for:
   for architectural structures: at least 30 – 40 cm;
2. for communications: at least 20 – 40 cm.
3. Sign 3.14 “Width limitation” . Designed to prohibit the movement of vehicles with width dimensions exceeding the specific standards. It is placed in front of the passage and entrance from tunnels, parking lots, bridge structures. The size on the sign must be indicated less than the actual one by 20 cm. A second duplicate similar sign is placed on a span or an artificial structure.
4. Sign 3.15 “Length limitation”. Used to prohibit the movement of motor vehicles whose length exceeds the value indicated on it. Used on a section of road that has the following characteristics:
   narrow roadway;
5. close nearby architectural buildings;
6. sharp turns;
7. mountain serpentine;
8. other sections of the roadway where passing an oncoming car or driving alone can create an emergency situation or is simply difficult.
9. Signs 3.11 “Weight limit” and 3.12 “Weight limit for each vehicle axle” . They affect the maximum weight of the car with or without cargo. Vehicle movement on public roads within their coverage area is prohibited.

Permissible dimensions when transporting goods by truck

First of all, you should provide information taken from clause 23.4 of the Traffic Regulations of the Russian Federation.

According to the information presented there, oversized cargo has the following criteria:

1. Protrudes from both sides of the car or one of them no more than 40 cm from the outer edge.
2. Protrudes from the front or back no more than 100 cm.

Exceeding the permissible measures is allowed, but transportation must take place with the identification badge “Large cargo”, with the onset of poor visibility - 2 lights or reflectors:

1. The front is white.
2. The back is red.

It should be added here that the red rag that was tied in Soviet times in such cases is not suitable for this situation.

The “Large Load” badge is officially approved by the Road Traffic Rules and should look like this:

1. Appearance in the form of a square measuring 40*40 cm.
2. The image is applied by alternating white and red stripes, the width of which should be 5 cm.
3. The surface of the sign is covered with a reflective film, allowing it to be seen at night and in conditions of poor visibility.

Interestingly, in Russia there are different standards for determining the dimensions of a truck than in the European Union or the United States:

Acceptable standards for passenger vehicles

If we do not take as an example the information taken in the Russian Traffic Regulations, clause 23.4, given earlier in relation to passenger cars, we can cite a number of other conditions, the observance of which may result in a fine:

1. The load must not interfere with the stability of the vehicle.
2. The maximum width of the vehicle including cargo should not exceed 2.55 m.
3. Front and rear, there should be no extension of more than 2 m on either side.
4. The load must not block the driver's view or interfere with driving.
5. It does not create strong noise and does not cover lighting devices and reflectors with its body.

On the roof of a car

Regarding the transportation of goods in the top trunk of a passenger car (on the roof), the previously listed requirements regarding 40 cm to the side and 1 m forward or backward should be taken into account:

However, due to the specific nature of such transportation, the following factors must be taken into account at the time of movement:

1. Loading more than 100 kg of cargo onto the roof rack may damage the struts and cause dents.
2. Materials with a large volume or area, for example large bags or a sheet of plywood, drywall, will act like a large sail when there are strong gusts of wind or an increase in vehicle speed. The created aerodynamic effect will cause the fastenings to break or overturn the car.

For trailer

The situation regarding the permissible length dimensions in a passenger car trailer at the time of transporting goods is that the measurements of the protruding element do not take place from the towbar of the car, but from the rear edge of the towbar.

Thus, the metal profile that the Moskvich driver is carrying in the photograph below is placed in compliance with the requirements established in the Rules:

1. If the property protrudes beyond the front or rear by more than 1 m, during daylight hours it is necessary to use the “Large Load” identification plate.
2. Transportation at night or in poor visibility conditions, using 2 reflective elements or lights as mentioned earlier.

For oversized items on the trawl

In accordance with Russian legislation, the organization of complex oversized cargo must comply with a number of rules regulated by the following regulations:

1. Federal Law No. 257 of November 8, 2007, Art. 31. Revealing the peculiarities of the movement of vehicles with a permissible maximum weight of more than 12 tons.

Source: https://avtopravozashita.ru/perevozki/avtomobilnye/gabarit-perevozki-avtotransportom.html

Trailed road train

Trailed road trains with one trailer operate reliably in various operating conditions, have a fairly high speed, good maneuverability and stability.  

In trailed road trains, the weight of the trailed link and the payload is completely transferred to the road through its wheels. Road trains constructed according to a mixed principle are also often used. Diagrams of some types of road trains are shown on the rgs.  

For trailed road trains, it is assumed that the drawbar is located parallel to the plane of the road; for semi-trailer road trains hn is equal to the height of the upper plane of the fifth wheel device, parallel to the road plane, from the road plane.  

The EOD for trailed road trains decreases, and for saddle trains it increases.  

One of the parameters when evaluating fifth-wheel and trailed road trains is maneuverability. The maneuverability of the road train (the width of the Bk corridor) is mainly influenced by the overall length of the road train, which depends on the length of the platform.  

For a more correct comparative assessment of semi-trailer and trailed road trains, it is necessary to select such internal dimensions of the platforms that would allow the coefficient of utilization of the nominal load capacity to be brought closer to unity for the main types of transported goods. In this case, certain difficulties arise due to the large number of main cargoes transported by road, which vary significantly in volumetric weight. In order to select the most frequently transported cargo, containers and pallets, requests were made to individual research and operational organizations, republican ministries, and data on cargo transported during trial operation and acceptance testing of MAZ vehicles and road trains was also used.  

Consequently, with regard to the coefficient of utilization of carrying capacity, trailed road trains have an advantage over fifth-wheel trains. It should also be taken into account (see Table 9); that the nominal load capacity of trailed road trains is 9 7 - 15 2% higher than that of saddle trains.  

KL of the useful use of the length of a road train indicates a more rational use of the overall length of trailed road trains, despite the fact that their overall length is longer than that of semi-trailer road trains. At the same time, the large overall length of trailed road trains is due to the larger total length of the tractor and trailer platforms, which provides, as shown above, higher values ​​of the load capacity utilization factor.  

As can be seen from Fig. 14, the coefficient of utilization of the carrying capacity KE depending on the length of the platforms LnJI of trailed road trains is higher than that of saddle trains.  

KL of the useful use of the length of a road train indicates a more rational use of the overall length of trailed road trains, despite the fact that their overall length is longer than that of semi-trailer road trains. At the same time, the large overall length of trailed road trains is due to the larger total length of the tractor and trailer platforms, which provides, as shown above, higher values ​​of the load capacity utilization factor.  

Types of road trains

Road transport helps with the delivery of all types of goods. For this purpose, many types and types of road trains have been created. All of them can be roughly divided into categories.

By purpose

The following types of road trains are distinguished:

• Universal.
• Specialized.
• Special.

The first type is the most general: universal vehicles can transport any type of cargo. Specialized vehicles include refrigerators, grain carriers, tanks, car transporters, container ships and other vehicles that can transport goods that require special transportation conditions.

Special trains are assembled for some specific special transportation - moving long indivisible objects (pipes), chemical protection or radiation protection vans, armored road trains, and the like.

Important information! The maximum length of a special road train, as a rule, exceeds the established norm, and for its use it is necessary to obtain a permit for the transportation of goods.

By hitch type

Road trains differ in the type of load distribution between the tractor and trailers, as well as traction forces. This is achieved through different types of coupling:

• Trailed (consists of a truck with a flatbed platform and one or more trailers, uses a traction type of connection).
• Semi-trailer (the semi-trailer rests on one side of the tractor using a support type of connection. Often called a semi-trailer train).
• Release (includes trailer-release and tractor with support-traction or only traction connection).
• Fifth wheel (consists of a tractor, semi-trailer and trailers, the connection varies depending on the configuration).

A dissolution trailer is a combination of a trailer and a semi-trailer. Most often used for transporting long cargo with a round cross-section (pipes, logs). The peculiarity of the dissolution is that the bunks that hold the load on the platform are located on both the tractor and the semi-trailer. Koniks are fasteners that are shaped like the letter U (the most striking example is a timber truck semi-trailer).

In terms of traction forces, there are vehicles with active tow links (the trailer has drive wheels) and passive links (when the trailer does not have drive wheels). The drive type depends on the trailer model.

The type of connection (traction or support) depends on how the load is distributed on the trailer axles - completely or partially. The first type transmits supporting and braking longitudinal forces, the second - longitudinal and vertical.

Basic rules for the transportation of oversized cargo

The integrity of the cargo itself, the safety of transport and other road users depend on compliance with transportation rules.

Therefore, it is extremely important to follow all recommendations to ensure safety and fast delivery.

When delivering heavy oversized cargo, it is necessary to take into account the permissible load on the vehicle axles. It is important to consider the correspondence between the weight of the cargo and the maximum load capacity of the vehicle. When a car is overloaded, wear on the engine, frame, chassis and wheels increases, and steering efficiency decreases.

This creates a risk of an accident. Maximum attention should also be paid to the quality of fastening and the location of the cargo in the body. If it is in an unstable position, there is a risk of the load falling or the vehicle overturning. When delivered, transported items must not pollute the environment or the road surface or be sources of increased noise. It is unacceptable to cover reflective and lighting devices or vehicle license plates with the cargo or part of it.

Delivery of large cargo should be carried out by specialized companies - only in this case can you be sure of its efficiency and safety. Freight taxi "Gazelkin" offers transportation of oversized cargo by various types of vehicles. The experience and professionalism of the company's employees is a guarantee of high quality work.

Requirements for the dimensions of a road train. Ways to increase the carrying capacity of a road train.

In all countries of the world, the length of a road train is strictly limited. In Europe, EU Directive 96/53 is in force, according to which the length of a semi-trailer, i.e. a tractor with a semi-trailer, should not exceed 16.5 m. The length of the semi-trailer itself is also limited: from the fifth wheel to the end of the semi-trailer no more than 12 m, and the distance from the SSU to the front of the road train should not exceed 2.04 m. Based on these conditions, standards for semi-trailers were formed. Thus, a road train with a two-axle truck tractor with a 4x2 wheel arrangement and a three-axle semi-trailer has a length of 13.6 m. But a three-axle tractor with a 6x4 wheel arrangement can also be used. The length of such a vehicle must still comply with size standards. Three-axle models are often used as chassis for construction, dump trucks and special equipment.

In Russia, the length of a road train can reach 20 m; here, restrictions on vehicle dimensions depend on the type of road train. Thus, the length of a Euro tractor with a Euro trailer should not exceed 16.5 m. The length of a Euro tractor with an American semi-trailer should be no more than 18 m. The length of a track with a Euro trailer can be within 18-20 m. The longer the length tractor, the longer the length of the entire road train can be. There are semi-trailers whose length reaches 16 m, but in order to meet established standards, they can only be used in tandem with cabover tractors.

Of course, there are also requirements for lighting a road train at night. In addition to standard systems and reflective stickers, many owners of long road trains also use LED lighting for the perimeter of the vehicle. This solution allows, with a significant reduction in energy consumption costs, to make the transportation process as safe as possible.

In addition to restrictions on the length of the road train, there are standards for the load on the fifth wheel, the width of the vehicle, the total weight and the level of exhaust toxicity. So, for example, the weight of a road train with five axles should not exceed 40 tons, with six axles - 52 tons. The width of the vehicle should not be more than 2.5 m, and the height - no more than 4 m. A road train, which consists of three links, should not be more than 24 m.

In order to "fit" into the requirements, both manufacturers and carriers are looking for ways to solve the problem, because everyone strives to make freight transportation more efficient. For example, tracks are used in conjunction with shortened semi-trailers, for example, for 20-foot containers. At the same time, semi-trailers for 40-foot containers are used with tractors with a shortened chassis.

To increase the productivity of freight vehicles, carriers use three-unit road trains. This arrangement makes it possible to provide the necessary carrying capacity, while keeping the total weight at an acceptable level. A three-link arrangement is possible through the use of shortened coupling devices, since the distance between the trailer and the tractor is reduced. When using add-ons that allow you to move the berth above the cabin, the length of the cabin itself is reduced, while the useful length increases, so you can get an additional 50-80 cm. To increase the useful volume of the cargo compartment for curtain-sided or curtain-sided semi-trailers, carriers use low-profile tires, complete the road train with low-bed semi-trailers or semi-trailers with a stepped floor.

Permitted dimensions of cargo for road transport

When moving on roads, it is necessary to take into account the permitted dimensions of cargo for transportation by road.

This is one of the factors that ensures road safety for all participants, as well as the key to successful transportation of transported items, goods, and substances.

In addition, limiting the size and weight of cargo is an important tool for influencing competition. Therefore, these standards are clearly regulated and require mandatory compliance.

What is oversized cargo?

Oversized cargo is considered to be cargo with dimensions that do not exceed the norms in force for a vehicle. That is, what is transported is equal to the vehicle itself. Maximum dimensions for the transportation of goods by road are established by traffic regulations and other regulations.

Automotive standards in the European Union

In European countries, the standards regarding the dimensions of transportation by road are determined by Directive 96/53, namely its annex. According to this document, the following restrictions are introduced:

• total length from rear bumper to front: solid-frame truck - 12 m, road train - 18.75;
• body width: isothermal vans - 2.6 m, total - 2.55 m;
• permissible height of cargo for transportation by road transport is up to 4 m;
• weight for vehicles: two-axle - 18 t, three-axle - 24 t, five-, six-axle - 40 t.

In Russia

According to current regulations, road transportation is carried out by vehicles with the parameters given below.

Weight limit

For single vehicles, depending on the number of axles, the following restrictions are accepted:

• two axles - 18 t;
• three axles - 25 t;
• four axles - 32 t;
• five axles - 35 tons.

For semi-trailers, as well as trailed road trains, the following weight requirements have been introduced:

• three axles - 28 t;
• four axles - 36 t;
• five axles - 40 t;
• six axles and more - 44 tons.

Limit dimensions

Restrictions have also been established regarding the permissible dimensions of cargo for transportation by truck:

• distance between the front and rear bumpers: for an automobile train - 12 m, for a single vehicle and trailer - 12 m;
• body width: total - 2.55, isothermal vans - 2.6 m;
• The maximum height of cargo for transportation by road is up to 4 m.

Based on established standards, the maximum parameters of a truck that has the right to move freely on the road are: height - 4 meters, length - 20 meters, weight - 40 tons.

Traffic restrictions

Traffic regulations stipulate that the weight of the transported vehicle should not exceed the parameters set by the manufacturer when developing the vehicle. In addition, other rules regarding the dimensions of road transport apply:

• It is prohibited to transport objects that protrude beyond the vehicle body by more than 1 m at the rear or front, and 0.4 m at the sides;
• what is moved should not block the view of the road, affect the readability of registration plates, headlights, or interfere with the perception of signs that the driver gives by hand;
• the load is securely secured to prevent it from falling, especially when it comes to sheets of plywood, fiberboard, and other similar objects, since they increase aerodynamic resistance;
• if the route is long, then, regardless of the size of the cargo for transportation, vehicles on the road are periodically stopped and the reliability of fastening is checked;
• the loaded vehicle or what it transports must not cause dust, noise or pollute the environment;
• The stability of the vehicle must not be impaired by objects placed on it.

If the maximum dimensions of cargo allowed for transportation by road are exceeded, the driver installs signs notifying that the cargo is large and takes other measures specified in legislative acts to eliminate the likelihood of an emergency on the road.

How to “hide” excess?

When transporting, it is of great importance what kind of transport is used for this. And if you choose the right car, you can move freely from the starting point to the final point without classifying the cargo as oversized.

For example, it is necessary to transport a container with a height of 3.1 m. In this case, the permissible height dimensions of cargo for transportation by road are 4 meters. If a container ship or flatbed trailer of the scow type is used, the height of the item to be delivered is greater.

However, if the carrier loads it onto a low-loader trawl, the container will “fit” into the established standards and will be considered oversized.

This also affects the cost of transportation, since in the second case there is no need to obtain a special permit or use cover vehicles to transport large cargo.

A similar solution is proposed for the transportation of horizontal cargo, which goes beyond the scope of the term “oversized”. For example, a container 16 m long does not fit on a standard scow, and then a sliding semi-trailer is used. This helps to “hide” extra meters.

For transportation by cars and private vehicles

Rules on the overall dimensions of cargo permitted for transportation by road transport apply not only to specialized companies and entrepreneurs providing services in this area. They must also be observed by owners of individual passenger vehicles that are used for their own purposes.

Special rules apply for the transportation of oversized cargo. Ignoring the requirements regarding the maximum permissible size of transported items is punishable by a fine and other sanctions.

Motor transport companies and private carriers must understand that if the dimensions exceed the established standards, the transporter, along with the transported goods, may end up in an arrest area, and a fine will be imposed on those responsible.

Source: https://svezem.ru/article/razreshennye-gabarity-gruzov-dlya-avtomobilnyh-perevozok/

On what basis can an administrative penalty be applied?

Even a slight increase in side height, which has not been agreed upon with the manufacturer or has not passed a specialized assessment (test), will be considered an unauthorized design change that may affect traffic safety.

There is a list of faults in the Appendix to the Traffic Regulations with which the operation of the vehicle is not permitted. The following point is noted in paragraph 7.18:

A problem with some sailing yachts is that the lower edge of the ballast keel is not horizontal, but at an oblique angle. If the yacht is now positioned horizontally on the keel, it is only resting on part of the keel and experiences excess weight forward or aft, which is likely to only go into the side supports. In this case, indentations and damage to the disc flame by the supports can easily occur, even if they have a sufficiently large contact surface. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the keel is subjected to an even load along its entire length, which leads to the relief of the rear trailers.

7.18. Changes have been made to the design of the vehicle without permission from the State Road Safety Inspectorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation or other bodies determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

A car with such design changes can be registered only in cases where there is documentary confirmation by the manufacturer of the possibility of such an upgrade, or an examination has been passed and a certificate of conformity has been received. Until such documents are received, operation of the vehicle will be prohibited.

Top and collapsible components must be disassembled and transported to a suitable location to minimize transport height. As a rule, this is the support bracket of a motor yacht device, but, of course, the mast of a sailing yacht. These parts are usually stored on board the yacht, in some cases, but also on a trailer. Proper dismantling and reassembly are just as important as transportable packaging and securing of bulk components, protection against slipping, chafing and possibly also against contamination and moisture.

In extreme cases, even dismantling the ballast may require lowering the transport height, a complex job that usually requires the use of a competent specialist shipyard. Finally, proper tying is essential to ensure a strong connection to the truck trailer. In particular, straps that are directed downward, particularly diagonally, are indispensable, which are designed to prevent the yacht from being pushed forward or to the side. Securing a large boat on a truck trailer is basically the same as a boat on a trailer, but the dimensions need to be larger.

All this is also true for other devices that allow you to hold cargo in the back of a car. For example, the fine for stripes on the sides of KAMAZ trucks in 2021 will be equal in size to the administrative penalty associated with changing the height of the side using constructive means.

Documents permitting transportation

When preparing the goods and choosing a vehicle, you should be guided by the following documents:

• Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 272.
• Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 258.
• Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 7.
• Traffic rules.

What to consider:

In accordance with regulations, attention should be paid not only to the direct transportation of the product, but also to its installation and fastening. Maintaining the stability of the car during movement is ensured, among other things, by placing heavier luggage at the bottom, maintaining its uniformity and the quality of its fastening. Gaps between individual goods are not allowed; they must be filled with special spacers.

Types of oversized cargo

If single places are installed, when stacking them, ensure the same number of tiers and securely fasten the top one.

If increased danger arises during the transportation of large goods, it is necessary to attract escort vehicles, which can be tractors or traffic police vehicles.

Transportation recommendations

When obtaining permission to transport large cargo, full compliance with the rules must be ensured, which exclude:

Transportation of large cargo

• deviation from the permitted route;
• exceeding the established speed limit;
• driving in poor visibility, ice, snowfall;
• movement along the sides of the roadway;
• stopping outside special parking areas;
• transportation in the event of displacement of goods, loosening of fasteners, as well as in the event of a malfunction of the vehicle.

If circumstances arise that require changing the transport route, the carrier must obtain a new travel permit.

Terms used in transport documents

• “Truck” is a vehicle equipped with a mechanical drive. Operated for transporting goods by road;
• “Vehicle” is a device on which cargo or passengers are installed for their transportation on roads;
• “Road train” is a combined vehicle consisting of a truck and trailer (trailer train), tractor and semi-trailer (trailer train);
• “Tractor” – a vehicle equipped with its own engine and intended exclusively or primarily for towing a trailer or semi-trailer;
• “Combined vehicle” – a combination of a car and a trailer (semi-trailer);
• “Full trailer” trailer with drawbar - a towed vehicle having at least two axles, of which at least one axle is steerable and, in addition: - equipped with a towing device (drawbar) that has the ability to be vertical in relation to to the moving tractor; - not transmitting any significant vertical load to the tractor (no more than 100 daN). When a semi-trailer is coupled to a semi-trailer undercarriage, it is considered a full trailer;
• “Semi-trailer” is a towed vehicle that is designed to be connected to a truck tractor (or to the support bogie of a semi-trailer) and transfers a significant vertical load to the tractor’s coupling device (or to the support bogie of a semi-trailer);
• “Semi-trailer undercarriage” – A trailer with a center axle and equipped with a fifth-wheel hitch.
• “Maximum length of a vehicle” – the length of a vehicle that does not exceed the established permissible values ​​(different for each country);
• “Maximum vehicle width” – the width of the vehicle, which does not exceed the established permissible values ​​(different for each country);
• “Maximum height of the vehicle” – the height of the vehicle, which does not exceed the established permissible values ​​(different for each country);
• “Maximum vehicle weight” – the weight of a vehicle with or without cargo, which does not exceed the established permissible values ​​(different for each country);
• “Maximum axle mass” – the mass transmitted through the vehicle axle to the surface of the road, which does not exceed the established permissible values ​​(for each country);
• “Weight of a vehicle in running order” is the weight of an unladen vehicle with a body and a coupling device in the case of a bus-tractor, or the weight of a chassis with a cab, if the manufacturer does not install a body, and/or a coupling device. This weight includes coolant, oils, at least 90% fuel, 100% other fluids (excluding used water), tools, driver (75 kg), and spare tire.
• “Technically permissible maximum weight of a vehicle” is the maximum weight of a vehicle, determined by its design and specified characteristics, established by the vehicle manufacturer.
• “Indivisible cargo” – cargo that cannot be divided during transportation due to the risk of damage or high costs of time and money;
• “Air suspension” is a suspension system in which the shock-absorbing element is air, providing at least 75% of the shock-absorbing effect;

The longest road train in the world

Australia is the champion in organizing the longest road trains in the world. Due to the unpopularity and small number of railways on the continent, road freight transportation is in great demand. It was Australia that has repeatedly broken the record for creating the largest automobile composition.

Since 1999, the Australians have tried to attach as many trailers to the tractor as possible. The absolute record was broken in 2006, when they managed to assemble a road train slightly less than 1.5 kilometers long. There were 112 trailers attached to the tractor. The total mass of the “tail” was 1300 tons. True, there was no record for transportation distance: the road train transported it only 140 meters.

Author: TECHNOmagazine
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Special permission

In order to carry out activities related to the transportation of oversized cargo, it is necessary to obtain a special permit, which specifies specific dimensions, delivery conditions, route, etc. This procedure came into force on the basis of Federal Law No. 257 of November 8, 2007 “On Highways”, which states the prohibition of transporting heavy goods , large-sized and dangerous goods without special permits. The route is agreed upon with the authorized government agency.

The paper is issued for one or several trips, but cannot exceed more than 10. The route and the cargo transported must match each time. The validity period of the permit does not exceed 3 months.

Transportation of oversized items is impossible in organized convoys; this can lead to an emergency situation.

The procedure for oversized cargo transportation is regulated by the following documents of the Russian Federation:

• Federal Law No. 127 of July 24, 1998 “On state control over international transportation.”
• Federal Law No. 259 of November 8, 2007 “Charter of Motor Transport”.
• Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 72 of April 15, 2011 “Rules for cargo transportation by road.”
• Traffic regulations approved on October 23, 1993
• Standards for issuing special permits, approved by Order No. 258 of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation dated July 24, 2012.
• Transportation safety standards approved by Order No. 7 of January 15, 2014 by the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation.

Permission to transport oversized items is issued for no more than 10 trips

Permissible cargo dimensions for road transportation

Remember the famous thesis expressed by Ostap Bender: “A car is not a luxury, but a means of transportation”? Nowadays it can be supplemented with the words “people and cargo”.

While most motorists have no questions about the rules for transporting passengers, not everyone is familiar with the nuances associated with transporting goods. A whole section is devoted to this issue in the Traffic Rules.

Traffic rules requirements

In the traffic rules, section 23 is devoted to the transportation of goods, consisting of five points, in which the legislator has provided for all possible situations that arise during their transportation by road.

23.1 deals with permissible values ​​for cargo mass. 23.2 requires the driver to control its placement and fastening.

23.1. The weight of the transported cargo and the load distribution along the axles must not exceed the values ​​​​established by the manufacturer for this vehicle.

23.2. Before starting and while driving, the driver is obliged to control the placement, fastening and condition of the load in order to avoid it falling and creating obstacles to movement.

Clause 23.3 of the traffic rules clearly states when the carriage of cargo is allowed and has five paragraphs, of which it is worth mentioning something quite unusual for modern drivers that many drivers forget: the placement of cargo should not interfere with the perception of hand signals.

23.3. Transportation of cargo is permitted provided that it:

• does not limit the driver's visibility;
• does not complicate control and does not affect the stability of the vehicle;
• does not cover external lighting devices and reflectors, registration and identification marks, and does not interfere with the perception of hand signals;
• does not create noise, does not create dust, does not pollute the road or the environment.

If the condition and placement of the cargo do not meet the specified requirements, the driver is obliged to take measures to eliminate violations of the listed transportation rules or stop further movement.

Permissible dimensions of cargo for transportation by road

What is considered a large-sized cargo, the transportation of which does not require special permits, but has strictly defined transportation rules specified in the traffic rules?

23.4.

A load protruding beyond the dimensions of the vehicle in front and behind by more than 1 m or on the side by more than 0.4 m from the outer edge of the side light must be marked with identification signs “Large load”, and in the dark and in conditions of insufficient visibility In addition, in front - a flashlight or a white reflector, at the back - a flashlight or a red reflector.

By lenght

If the load protrudes beyond the front and rear dimensions of the vehicle by more than 1 m, but not more than 2 m. It should be noted here that despite the presence of the letter “and”, you can read “or”. Let’s say the load is extended more than a meter just beyond the rear side of the car, but not in front, it is already becoming large.

Width

It also indicates how much the load can protrude across the width of the car - no more than 40cm.

ATTENTION. Unlike the first case, where the length of the protruding part should be measured from the extreme point of the car, here the measurement is made from the edge of the rear marker light, which means that it will actually protrude slightly less than the prescribed 40cm, since the specified lamp is always located somewhat deeper than the extreme side point car.

If, after measurements, at least one parameter exceeds the above standards, it should be o, and in the dark or in case of insufficient visibility, also with flashlights or reflectors: white in front and red in back.

By height

Despite the fact that clause 23.4 of the traffic rules does not talk about the height of the load, it should be remembered that the load should not exceed four meters above the surface of the roadway (clause 23.5 of the traffic rules).

Let's consider this situation: the cargo does not protrude beyond the dimensions of the vehicle, but reaches a height of 3 meters 85 centimeters from the road surface; the “Large cargo” sign is not required.

Sometimes it happens.

Paragraph 23.5 of the traffic rules defines cargo and vehicles for transportation or passage of which will have to obtain a special permit:

23.5.

Transportation of heavy and dangerous goods, movement of a vehicle whose overall dimensions, with or without cargo, exceed 2.55 m in width (2.6 m for refrigerators and isothermal bodies), 4 m in height from the surface of the roadway, and in length ( including one trailer) 20 m, or the movement of a vehicle with a load protruding beyond the rear point of the vehicle's overall dimensions by more than 2 m, as well as the movement of road trains with two or more trailers are carried out in accordance with special rules.

International road transport is carried out in accordance with the requirements for vehicles and transportation rules established by international treaties of the Russian Federation.

Transportation rules

On the territory of the Russian Federation, the transportation of large cargo is regulated by a number of regulations, in addition to traffic rules, this includes:

• Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated April 15, 2011. No. 272 ​​“On approval of the rules for transporting goods by road”;
• Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation dated July 24, 2012 No. 258 “On approval of the Procedure for issuing a special permit for the movement of a vehicle transporting heavy and (or) large-sized cargo on roads”;
• Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation dated January 15, 2014 No. 7 “On approval of the rules for ensuring the safety of transportation of passengers and cargo by road transport and urban ground electric transport and the list of measures for training employees of legal entities and individual entrepreneurs carrying out transportation by road transport and urban ground electric transport, to safe operation and vehicles to safe operation."

The documents are quite voluminous and informative, covering not only the topic under consideration, so we will consider them in the relevant part.

You should start with the loading rules, the basic norms of which are spelled out in sufficient detail. This includes sorting cargo by weight, namely, heavier ones are located at the bottom to maintain vehicle stability when moving; the cargo must be homogeneous and well secured. It is also prescribed to prevent gaps between loaded products, ordering them to be filled with gaskets.

Source: https://mtz-80.ru/bez-rubriki/gabarity-gruza-dlya-avtoperevozok-dopustimye

Permissible weight of a road train in Russia. Maximum axle load in Russia.

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Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1529 of December 12, 2017 amends Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 15, 2011 N 272 “Permissible load on a vehicle axle.”

According to the new amendments, which come into force on December 22, 2017, the following changes are made for a standard truck tractor (two-axle tractor with dual wheels on the drive axle) and a standard semi-trailer (three-axle semi-trailer with a distance between the axles from 1.3 m to 1.8 m ):

A single error for all scales is also set at 2%.

When a violation is detected at the border (including the border between the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation), the transport inspection does not have the right to issue a fine. Instead, the driver is presented with three possible options:

• return back to a neighboring country;
• eliminating the violation on site;
• special design permits for the transportation of heavy cargo.

Penalty for axial overload:

According to Article 12.21.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses No. 195-FZ dated December 30, 2001 (as amended on February 5, 2018):

Appendix No. 2 to the Rules for the transportation of goods by road (as amended by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 12 of January 9, 2014)

Permissible axle loads of vehicles

(*) If the owner of the highway installs the appropriate road signs and posts information on the axle load of the vehicle permissible for the highway on its official website. (**) For vehicles with single wheels equipped with pneumatic or equivalent suspension.

Notes:

1. Values ​​in parentheses are for dual-pitch wheels, outside brackets are for single-pitch wheels.
2. Axles with single and dual wheels, combined into a group of adjacent axles, should be considered as adjacent axles with single wheels, with the exception of a two-axle bogie with an unloaded axle.
3. For tandem and triple axles structurally combined into a common bogie, the permissible axle load is determined by dividing the total load on the bogie by the appropriate number of axles.
4. The permissible axle load for a two-axle cart with an unloaded axle is taken to be equal to the ratio of 60 percent of the permissible load on a two-axle cart for the driving axle and 40% for the unloaded axle.

How to transport oversized cargo - what do traffic regulations say in 2021?

For road transportation of oversized cargo across the territory of Russia, standard requirements and acceptable standards have been established. Improper organization and exceeding the permitted parameters during transportation can cause accidents on the roads.

Oversized cargo has non-standard weight and shape. This term is usually used to refer to any object whose parameters do not correspond to the dimensions established by traffic regulations.

Basic regulation is carried out on the basis of the provisions of Federal Law No. 257-FZ. As for the basic requirements for the transportation of oversized objects, they can be found in Chapter No. 23 of the Traffic Regulations. There are 5 points in this document.

Each indicates the permissible indicators for the weight of transported objects, the dimensions of the vehicle, the transportation of which requires notification with special signs, conditions for ensuring safe transportation, requirements for securing, monitoring the condition of the cargo during movement and a number of other important rules.

If there is a business or personal need to transport oversized items, all points of the traffic rules must be observed. Carriers who ignore established legal norms are brought to administrative responsibility, punished with fines and deprived of the right to drive a vehicle (Article 12.12 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation).

Marking

When transporting non-standard objects by cargo and passenger vehicles, the presence of the “Oversized Load” sign is mandatory.

Strict requirements are imposed when transporting oversized cargo in passenger cars at night and in poor visibility. In such conditions, transportation is permitted, but a reflective element or a white lantern must be installed on the bow, and a reflector or any other red light source must be installed on the stern. This is enough for safe movement on public highways.

Car owners of passenger cars may require a special permit for transportation. This applies to loads protruding from the front or rear side by 2 meters or more, and with a width exceeding more than 2.5 meters.

Special requirements are established for transporting heavy and large objects by truck. Transportation of goods protruding from the rear of the vehicle by more than 2 meters and exceeding a height of 4 meters is carried out according to the rules established by Order of the Ministry of Transport No. 258 and regulations of the Government of the Russian Federation.

In addition to the mandatory installation of an “Oversized Load” sign and equipping the driver’s cabin with a flashing light, the transporter’s route must be agreed upon in advance.

A special permit is required for transportation and escort along the route, which is carried out by the military traffic police or traffic police patrol cars.

Oversized cargo sign. Dimensions according to GOST

The law obliges carriers to notify traffic participants about the transportation of non-standard objects and install a warning sign “Oversized cargo”. This rule for transporting cargo is regulated in clause 23.4 of the traffic rules.

The sign can be purchased ready-made or made independently, taking into account the dimensions determined by GOST (R12.4.026-2001). The sign is made of reflective materials in the shape of a square, which depicts inclined white and red stripes 5 cm wide. The size of the sides of the sign itself is 40 cm. The given parameters are provided for by GOST and are mandatory.

Transportation permit

Obtaining a special permit for the transportation of oversized cargo is regulated by Order 258. This regulatory act contains information about the procedure for issuing a permit, the deadlines established for this procedure, as well as how the document should look and what data it should contain.

You can submit an application for receipt on the State Services website or by personally visiting the branches of the Road Management Department. If you plan to transport outside Russia, you must contact any department of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation.

The Federal Highway Administration Service issues permits when organizing routes on federal roads.

In cases where oversized cargo will be transported on roads belonging to constituent entities of Russia, a permit can be obtained from one of the territorial authorities at the location of the carrier company.

Permits are issued for a specific period or one-time. A one-time permit is valid for one time only, while a long-term permit allows transportation for several months.

To obtain a document, you must write an application requesting issuance and indicating the following information:

• Information about the organization coordinating the transportation.
• Dimensional characteristics of the vehicle.
• The exact weight of the car.
• Nature and category of cargo transported.
• Transportation times.
• Detailed route of travel.

The registration procedure ranges from 3 days to 1 month. A lengthy consideration of the application may be due to the need to change the original vehicle design.

After permission has been received, in order to ensure traffic safety, it is necessary to coordinate the transportation of oversized items with the traffic police and obtain a pass giving the right to transport.

In what cases is transportation prohibited?

Authorized bodies may prohibit transportation if the rules stipulated by the traffic rules regarding transportation conditions are violated: the driver’s visibility is limited, there are obstacles for road users, the vehicle loses stability due to the load, the transported object obscures license plates, lighting fixtures, reflective signs, etc. Until the violations are eliminated, transportation of oversized cargo is prohibited.

A permit may not be issued if there are less safe modes of transport for transporting oversized items (railway, air travel, river transport), it is possible to disassemble the oversized object into its component parts, or if transportation safety is not ensured.

Fine for violating cargo transportation rules

Size restrictions require compliance and are clearly regulated. For violations, the driver transporting the cargo may be fined up to 10 thousand rubles. or deprive your driver's license for up to six months.

Penalties for legal entities amount to 400–500 thousand rubles. (Article 12.12 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation).

When cases of bringing to administrative responsibility are initiated, the transport and the transported cargo may be arrested and sent to the impound lot.

How to properly tow with a rigid or flexible hitch - what do the traffic rules say? ( 1 5.00 out of 5) Loading…

Source: https://AvtoZakony.com/info/perevozka-gruzov-pdd

What are the dimensions of oversized cargo for transportation?

Guided by the provisions of the traffic rules, unaccompanied transportation of objects is possible only with the following dimensions of cargo vehicles (both loaded and unaccompanied):

• height no more than 4 meters;
• length up to 20 meters;
• width up to 2.55 meters.

Taking into account the dimensions of the cabin and chassis of trucks, the capacity of standard transport is functionally limited to the following dimensions:

• height 2.55 m;
• length 13.6 m;
• 2.55 m wide.

Any type of cargo whose dimensions exceed the specified limits is classified as oversized. This includes a load protruding by the above amounts in full or in separate parts.

When transporting oversized cargo, it is necessary to use a special identification sign “Oversized cargo”.

Permissible cargo dimensions for road transport in Europe and Russia

Transportation by road today is perhaps the most popular in the cargo transportation segment. Reasons: comparative accessibility and prevalence of road infrastructure compared to railway lines or air services.

Long-distance road transport is carried out both within one state and between neighboring countries that have common land borders.

In order for a vehicle to move freely along the highways of any state without violating traffic regulations, permissible cargo dimensions for road transport are agreed upon and established at the international level.

Unified general standards of transportation

Unified weight and dimensional standards are enshrined in mutual agreements of international organizations, duplicated and specified by the legislation of individual countries. Such complex rationing has as its goals:

• creation of uniform conditions for road transportation;
• ensuring road safety on all its sections;
• guaranteeing the safety of cargo and timeliness of delivery.

Maximum automotive standards in Europe

The maximum permissible dimensions and weight of cargo for through and enclosed road transport are regulated by both national legislation and international multilateral agreements - conventions and directives.

The requirements for such parameters are strictly and unambiguously established, since, as stated in EU Directive No. 96/53, “differences between existing standards regarding the weight and dimensions of commercial vehicles may have a negative effect on competition and act as an obstacle to transport between member states of the European Union.” Union".

Precise information on the maximum weights and dimensions of vehicles adopted in the countries of the European Community is given in the annexes to the directive:

Rationing of trucks in the Russian Federation

As for the Russian Federation, Federal Law No. 257 “On Highways and Road Activities” is in force here, as well as the Government Decree dated April 15, 2011. No. 272.

Paragraph 2 of this by-law states that road transportation of goods in international traffic across the territory of Russia is carried out in accordance with international treaties and Russian laws.

Of greatest interest are the 1st and 3rd appendices concerning the permissible weight and maximum dimensions of cargo.

Thus, Appendix 1 establishes permissible masses depending on the type of vehicle, combination of cargo platforms and the number of axles. In the table below, the maximum weights are given in tons:

Appendix 3 is devoted to the maximum dimensions:

It follows that the heaviest and largest truck that is allowed to be rolled out on domestic roads, in any case, should not weigh more than 44 tons and have a length of more than 20 and a height of more than 4 meters. Otherwise, there is oversized cargo.

Features of transportation of oversized cargo

Oversized cargo is a cargo whose weight and dimensions exceed the permitted limits.

Transportation of goods exceeding the established dimensions is, in principle, permissible, but must be carried out in compliance with a number of special conditions provided for in paragraph 23 of the Road Traffic Rules of the Russian Federation.

So, if the cargo protrudes from the rear by more than 1 meter, and from the side by more than 40 cm, it is marked with identification signs “Large cargo”, as well as lights and reflectors in white (front) and red (rear).

The movement of oversized cargo protruding from the rear by more than 2 meters and exceeding 4 meters in height, as well as road trains, is carried out according to special rules established by regulations of the Government and order of the Ministry of Transport of 2012 number 258:

1. the route of movement of a heavy and (or) large-sized transporter is agreed upon in advance;
2. special permits for the transportation of oversized cargo on public federal highways are issued by an authorized body, namely the Federal Road Agency;
3. movement along the route is accompanied by patrol cars of the traffic police or military traffic police;
4. If, after passing an oversize vehicle, the road surface or other elements of the road infrastructure are damaged, the owner of the vehicle is obliged to compensate for the damage caused.

Exceeding the weight and dimensions when transporting goods while ignoring specially established rules is a violation of traffic rules and entails administrative liability.

Responsibility for violation of weight and dimensional requirements

For violation of the traffic rules established by Russian legislation for the dimensions of transported cargo, legal liability is provided, in particular administrative liability. Administrative sanctions are applied to violators. Which? A fine or deprivation of the right to drive a vehicle for a certain period.

For detailed information on the size of administrative penalties for transported oversized items, see Article 12.21.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. It should be borne in mind that when an administrative case is initiated, an oversized transporter automatically ends up with the transported goods at the arrest site. And the delay causes additional expenses.