Import of freight road transport into the territory of the Russian Federation can be carried out by both individuals and legal entities.
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When importing cars, you must go through customs clearance and pay various taxes and duties.
How to properly register freight vehicles when importing into the Russian Federation and how much you will need to pay, read on.
What vehicles are imported to Russia and from where?
Any trucks can be imported into the territory of the Russian Federation: tractors, vans, pickups, and so on, the main condition is that the environmental class of the vehicle should not be lower than Euro 4, which is determined by environmental safety rules.
You can determine the environmental class of a vehicle:
- according to the individual vehicle number assigned by the manufacturer (VIN number);
- according to vehicle documents (this indicator must be indicated in the PTS);
- using unified databases, based on the make, model and year of manufacture of trucks. It is against such databases that the economic safety class of vehicles is checked by customs authorities.
Vehicles whose environmental class is lower than Euro 4 can also be imported into the Russian Federation, but only for dismantling for spare parts.
It should be taken into account that legal entities can transport trucks of any brand and any weight, and individuals can only transport trucks whose weight does not exceed 5 tons.
Vehicles can be supplied to Russia from any countries that are part of the Eurozone, America, China, Japan, and so on. There are no special restrictions regarding the country from which trucks are imported.
Price
When registering an imported cargo vehicle, the owner will have to pay:
- customs duty;
- recycling collection;
- VAT;
- a separate fee charged for processing documents by customs authorities.
The amount of customs duty is set at the state level and depends on factors such as:
- total weight of transported vehicles;
- age of the truck;
- engine type and size.
For the purposes of calculating customs duties, all trucks are divided into the following subtypes:
| car with a mass of no more than 5 tons | engine capacity up to 2,500 m³ (for diesel and semi-diesel cars) or 2,800 m³ (for gasoline engines) |
| vehicles weighing up to 5 tons | engine capacity more than 2,500 m³ (diesel and semi-diesel) or 2,800 m³ (gasoline) |
| machines weighing 5 - 20 tons | — |
| vehicles weighing more than 20 tons | — |
The customs duty rate varies depending on the age of the car. The following age categories are currently in effect:
- less than 3 years;
- 35 years;
- 5 – 7 years;
- more than 7 years.
The current rates are presented in the following table:
The need to pay a recycling fee was introduced by Federal Law No. 89. In accordance with established rules, the collected funds must be used to increase the level of environmental safety when disposing of vehicles.
Currently, the fee is paid by the manufacturer when issuing a car passport or by the person importing vehicles into the Russian Federation. A note on payment of the recycling fee must be included in the vehicle title.
The size of the recycling fee payable when importing a truck into the territory of the Russian Federation depends on factors such as the age of the vehicle (up to 3 years and more than 3 years), as well as the gross weight of the vehicle.
The amount of VAT does not depend on any characteristics of the vehicle and is 18% of the indicated cost. The amount of the fee charged for registration depends on the cost of the car.
Cost of customs clearance services for special equipment
Prices for customs clearance of construction equipment are calculated individually and depend on many factors: volume of delivery, location of customs, delivery method, etc. Our specialists always take into account the wishes and capabilities of clients. We optimize your costs and provide some of the lowest prices on the market.
The customs clearance service for special equipment includes:
- consulting on customs clearance issues;
- checking the package of documents provided by the Customer for customs clearance of one consignment (including shipping documents);
- formalization of delivery documents, preparation, filling out the declaration form and electronic submission to the customs authority.
One consignment of goods is understood as a consignment of goods sent at a time to the consignee using one waybill in one vehicle within the framework of one foreign trade contract.
| Type of work | Cost without VAT) |
| Carrying out customs operations and customs declaration of goods of one consignment in import mode (IM 40): | from 5,000 rubles |
| Carrying out customs operations and customs declarations for each subsequent consignment in import mode, if there are several consignments in one vehicle (IM 40): | from 4,000 rubles |
| Registration of each additional sheet of goods declaration, starting from the 5th (fifth) product in the import mode (IM 40). | from 450 rubles |
| Carrying out customs operations and customs declaration of goods of one consignment in export mode (EC 10): | from 3,000 rubles |
| Carrying out customs operations and customs declaration of goods of one consignment (other regimes): | from 10,000 rubles |
| Payment (additional payment) of any types of customs duties under one DT on behalf and on behalf of the Customer, when declaring goods, using the representative’s own funds through terminal payment using a customs card/online service of the ROUND payment system. | from 3% of the documented payment amount (additional payment), but not less than 1,000 rubles |
| Assistance in obtaining a Declaration of Conformity with the CU TR for goods, as well as other permitting documents. | discussed individually |
Attention! The specified information is not a public offer in the meaning provided for in paragraph 2 of Art. 436 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation (part one) dated November 30, 1994 N51-FZ (as amended on August 3, 2018), prepared and posted in accordance with clause 2 of Art. 348 of the Federal Law of August 3, 2021 No. 289-FZ “On customs regulation in the Russian Federation and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation.”
Documents required for customs clearance of special equipment
How to calculate delivery and customs clearance of a truck
So, you can make a preliminary calculation of the customs duty, determine the amount of the recycling fee and VAT yourself.
To carry out calculations, you can use the tables presented above or an online calculator.
It is easier to make the calculation using a calculator, since you do not need to independently determine the starting rates applicable for a particular vehicle.
We will calculate the customs clearance of a Volkswagen Crafter truck using a calculator located on the Avtopoisk 24 website.
Initial data:
| year of manufacture of the vehicle | 2011 |
| engine's type | petrol |
| engine capacity | 2,000 m³ |
| full mass | 2,840 kg |
| price | $160,000 |
For calculation the following are accepted:
| bid | at 20% (not less than 0.2 euros per 1 cm³) |
| 18% | VAT rate |
| recycling fee rate | 150,000 rubles |
| recycling rate | 1,25 |
As a result of the calculations we get:
| customs duty | 1,981,728 rubles |
| VAT | 2,140,266.24 rubles |
| recycling collection | 221,250 rubles |
| processing fee | 20,000 rubles |
Total – 4,363,244.24 rubles. That is, for customs clearance of a car with the specified parameters you will have to pay 4,363,244 rubles 24 kopecks.
It should be borne in mind that after independently carrying out calculations using both a calculator and tables, the cost of the operation is approximate. More accurate data can only be obtained from the customs service.
How to calculate customs clearance of a car from Japan is explained in the article: customs clearance of a car from Japan. Read about customs clearance of ATVs from China here.
An example of calculating customs clearance of a car from Germany in 2021
If you decide to buy a German car in the manufacturing country, do not be lazy and make a preliminary calculation. This will help to estimate the real costs of customs clearance in Russia. Let's look at 2 examples - for a “young” and an “old” car.
To carry out the calculation in 2021, it is necessary to determine the year of manufacture, as well as clarify the approximate price tag and engine size of the desired vehicle. First, we calculate the duty on cars under 3 years old:
- Volkswagen Polo brand. Released March 30, 2021. Costs 5,000 Euro. The engine capacity is 1.2 liters (or 1,200 cm3).
- Let's look at the calculation table for cars not older than 3 years. The cost of the vehicle does not exceed 8,500 Euro. Accordingly, the calculation looks like this:
Duty based on interest rate: 5,000 (price) x 0.54 = 2,700
Duty by engine volume: 2.5 x 1,200 (volume) = 3,000
- From the resulting calculations we always choose the larger value. The total fee will be 3,000 Euro.
Now let’s calculate the duty for a car that has crossed the 5-year mark. So:
- Brand BMW X3. Released April 10, 2010. Costs 35,000 Euro. The engine capacity is 3 liters (or 3,000 cm3).
- The age of the vehicle is suitable for the table of cars older than 5 years. We get the duty amount: 5.7 x 3,000 = 17,100 Euro
If you calculate the duty on a car of a similar brand that is not younger than 3, but not older than 5 years, the amount will be as follows: 3.6 x 3,000 = 10,800. Examples clearly show that it is much more profitable to clear customs for cars of “middle” age.
Therefore, when purchasing, take a closer look at the release date: perhaps the chosen car will be over 3 years old in a week, and will allow you to save a lot on customs clearance.
Documentation for car registration
After determining the cost of customs clearance and the feasibility of importing the selected vehicle into the Russian Federation, for further registration it is necessary to prepare a number of documents, which includes:
- civil and foreign passports of the person importing vehicles;
- car passport The document must include a note indicating that the vehicle has been deregistered in the country of export and marks from all customs services of the countries through which the transportation was carried out;
- compulsory car insurance policy (can be issued in advance or directly upon crossing the border);
- a vehicle purchase and sale agreement, as a document that confirms the right to ownership;
- certificate;
- customs receipt;
- customs declaration.
A customs receipt and certificate are issued after a certain amount of money is deposited.
After completing customs documents, it is in this deposit account that funds will be debited to pay fees and duties provided for by current legislation.
The form and procedure for filling out the customs declaration are established by Decision of the Customs Union Commission No. 422.
The document must indicate:
- name of the operation performed (import or export);
- car registration number (if available);
- technical data of the vehicle (make, model, type, registration and VIN numbers, country of registration);
- Full name or name of the company and full name of the representative transporting the car;
- country (specific point) of destination;
- data of all vehicle crew members who take part in the transportation of vehicles;
- data of all passengers (if available);
- availability/absence of supplies;
- presence/absence of additional products;
- presence/absence of certain types of spare parts or additional equipment for the imported vehicle;
- purpose of import/export;
- Additional Information;
- signature of the applicant and date of filling out the document.
These sections are filled out by the person who imports the transport. The remaining columns of the document (date of customs clearance, name of the customs authority that carried out the clearance, and so on) are indicated by customs officers.
Registration procedure
You can carry out customs clearance of special equipment or freight transport:
- with the help of a customs broker. B. In this situation, specialists will handle the collection of documents, payment of duties and customs clearance, which will significantly reduce the time required to complete the work. But you will have to pay extra for these services. Customs brokers charge on average from 10,000 rubles to 15,000 rubles ;
- on one's own.
To carry out the customs clearance procedure for a truck yourself, you must proceed according to the following scheme:
- Contacting the customs service. During the preliminary stage of customs clearance, the following is required:
- make calculations of customs duties;
- deposit the amount of customs duties and receive a certificate and receipt as security for solvency;
- obtain a special permit to import motor vehicles of the specified model and cost.
- Import vehicles and complete customs documents by submitting a customs declaration and attached documents.
- Register the car with the traffic police.
An example of calculating customs duties during customs clearance of special equipment
Let's look at a simple example of calculating customs duties. The recipient is a legal entity that imports a batch of special equipment into the territory of the Russian Federation. The calculation is carried out within the framework of the IM-40 regime (Release for domestic consumption). The customs cost of the shipment including delivery to the border is 54,067 Euro.
According to the HS code 8433 20 500 0, the duty rate is 0, VAT 20%, and not subject to excise tax.
Customs payments are calculated from the customs value according to the following formula:
Customs value (hereinafter referred to as CV) = the cost of the goods under the contract + the cost of transporting the goods to the border with Russia (transportation within Russia is not taken into account).
The Euro exchange rate on the date of filing the declaration is 78 rubles TC = 54,067 Euro * 78 = 4,217,226 rubles. Duty rate 0
VAT = 20% of the vehicle + customs duty
VAT = (4,217,226 + 0) * 20 / 100 = 843,445.2 rub.
At customs, a fixed customs duty is paid, which has its own calculation formula:
| TS of goods | Customs duty amount |
| does not exceed 200 thousand rubles inclusive | 500 rubles |
| From 200,000 rubles 1 kopeck or more, but does not exceed 450,000 rubles inclusive | 1,000 rubles |
| From 450,000 rubles 1 kopeck or more, but does not exceed 1,200,000 rubles inclusive | 2,000 rubles |
| From 1,200,000 rubles 1 kopeck or more, but does not exceed 2,500,000 rubles inclusive | 5,500 rubles |
| From 2,500,000 rubles 1 kopeck or more, but does not exceed 5,000,000 rubles inclusive | 7,500 rubles |
| From 5,000,000 rubles 1 kopeck or more, but does not exceed 10,000,000 rubles inclusive | 20,000 rubles |
| From 10,000,000 rubles 1 kopeck or more | 30,000 rubles |
Customs payments = VAT + Customs duties + Customs duties
Total payable = 843,445.2 (VAT) + 0 (Duty) + 7,500 (Fee) = 850,945.2 rubles
The given results of calculation of customs duties are for informational purposes only and are not final. The actual amount may differ depending on the country of origin, HS code, exchange rate and other economic and political factors.
Entrust the calculations to professionals!
Contact us in any convenient way, and TAISU-TB specialists will advise and calculate customs duties free of charge, taking into account all the features of your cargo.
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What is unit-by-unit customs clearance of a truck?
To reduce the cost of customs clearance, a method of aggregate customs clearance was introduced.
When using this method, the following scheme is performed:
- abroad, a car is selected that satisfies the client’s needs;
- the vehicle is dismantled;
- the car body and engine are imported into the territory of the Russian Federation alternately, which significantly reduces customs duties, since the engine is a related product;
- The car is assembled in the Russian Federation and subsequently registered.
It should be noted that the method considered is not entirely legal and can only be used in exceptional cases.
Before customs clearance of a truck, you should familiarize yourself in detail with the current rules, since the import and clearance of motor vehicles from different countries may differ slightly from each other.
The timing of customs clearance of goods is described in the article: customs clearance of goods. See the page for the cost of customs clearance of cars from the USA.
Find out the rules for customs clearance of cars from Germany from this information.
When is it necessary to clear a car from Germany through customs in 2021?
Customs legislation is characterized by strict measures for the import of vehicles into the country. The owner has 24 hours to provide the car from Germany for inspection by an inspector and pay all duties, including tax. During this time, it is necessary to deliver the car to the customs point for the procedure for obtaining the necessary documents that allow further import of the vehicle.
Residents of the country in 2021 have the right to defer payments for up to 6 months (but up to 2 times within 1 year), provided that the vehicle is registered in another state. In case of violation of legislative acts, the person responsible for importing the car risks receiving a fine for an administrative offense, as well as being involved in a criminal case.
